ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prediction of Water Requirement Changes some of Agricultural Products of Mashhad Plain due to Air Temperature Changes
Air temperature is one of the most important indicators of climate change in global and regional scales, that its changes will affect also on the other climatic parameters and also on other sectors such as agriculture and water use in this section. With increasing air temperature is expected potential evapotranspiration increase. Therefore, in this study using time series were performed modeling and prediction monthly maximum and minimum temperatures of Mashhad plain. Then with the help of empirical formulas Hargreaves - Samani and by selecting crop coefficients were calculated potential evapotranspiration rates and crops water requirement of 5 major products with the largest area under irrigated including wheat, sugar beets, tomatoes, alfalfa, and apples for the base period (1987-2008) and next 10-years period (2009-2018). During the growing season, and were compared with each other. The results show that the maximum and minimum temperatures will increase respectively by 1.4 and 1 ° C. So that the maximum temperature more in warm seasons and minimum temperature more in cold seasons will increase. Prediction of potential evapotranspiration showed that the changes will be more affected by maximum temperature changes Also the comparison of water requirement of different crops indicated increase evapotranspiration in the future between the future and the base periods. So that among the five selected crops in Mashhad plain, sugar beet has the highest percentage of changes in water requirement equal to2.8% (290 m3/ha).
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_12102_0d807f9ae57552cd2f2f7bbca9c759a1.pdf
2016-06-21
1
13
10.22055/jise.2016.12102
Time series
Water requirement
Evapotranspiration
Bahareh
Shabani
1
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد هواشناسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Mousavi–Baygi
mousavib@um.ac.ir
2
استاد هواشناسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad
Jabari –Noghabi
3
3- استادیار گروه آمار، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influence of Netted Collar on Scour depth around of Cubic Bridge Pier
Two major factors causing of scour around bridge piers are the down flow occurred in upstream part of the piers and separation of streamlines from piers called horseshoe vortex. Installation of a collar on a pier will reduce the power of the down flow and horseshoe vortex. In this study, the effects of placement of collar and netted collars on scour depth of cubic pier are investigated. The experimental flume was rectangular with the length of 7.3 meters, width of 0.56 m and a depth of 0.6 m. For this propose four collars included, one simple and three netted (with opening parts equal to 15percent, 30percent and 40percent), are tested under clear water condition. The experiments were performed in laboratory flume on Hydraulics Laboratory of Shahid Chamran University. The collars were installed in three levels equal to 0.5B, 0.25B and on the bed. The results were compared with the pier without the collar, and showed that the netted collar reduce the maximum scour depth between 34percent to 97percent in comparison with the case of no collar used. Also in low Froude Numbers, the netted collars showed better protection in comparison with the simple one.
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_12108_6a17db2b65e55c3a207489e2a7734fa4.pdf
2016-06-21
15
25
10.22055/jise.2016.12108
Scour
Cubic Pier
Collar
Netted Collar
Ameneh
Jalili
1
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد سازه های آبی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehdi
Ghomeshi
m.ghomeshi@yahoo.com
2
استاد گروه سازههای آبی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Laboratory Analysis of the Flushing Cone Dimensions at the Upstream Bottom Outlets of Dam Reservoir for Different Entrance Shape of Bottom Outlets Using Pressure Flushing
One of the most effective techniques for removing the deposited sediments from reservoirs is pressure flushing which has only much local effects. It is often applied as a clearing process to remove sediment saround the entrance of intakes.In order to make rational design of bottom outlets and other sediment flushing structures, the understanding of the characteristics of a scour funnel in under pressure flushing is significant. The physical model was constructed in the Hydraulic Laboratory at the Water Sciences Engineerin Faculty of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz and by performing various experiments on the effect of bottom outlet shape on the volume and dimensions of flushing cone was experimentally investigated. For this purposes, the experiments on 4 bottom outlets with a circular, semicircular, rectangular and square cross-sectional area equal to 18 cm2, five water levels of 30, 45, 55, 65, 78 cm, resulting in five different discharges on the bottom outlet, was performed. The results of this survey revealed that the shape of the lower opening is an important parameter in hydraulic flushing, changing of which results in change of scouring diameter. Results also showed that for a specific water level in the reservoir and for a specific time the scouring dimension for square valves and semicircle valves are more than one of rectangular valves. The scouring dimensions of rectangular valves are more than one of circular valves. The difference is more perceptible in lower water heights (i. e. lower discharge). The length of scouring and the volume of flushing cone increases with incrsing head and is the least for circular valves.
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_12109_8b164af6a09123d16805273bd002b4cd.pdf
2016-06-21
27
37
10.22055/jise.2016.12109
Pressure flushing
Bottom outlet
Storage reservoirs
Water level
Flushing cone
Scour
Afsaneh
Elahi
afsaneelahi@yahoo.com
1
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد سازههای آبی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mahmood
Kasefipour
2
استاد گروه سازههای آبی دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Estimation of Hydraulic Conductivity of Saturated and Unsaturated Soils Measured by Two Methods of Tillage Corn in Summer in the Northern Province of Khuzestan
The soil hydraulic conductivity (Ks) is very important parameters in soil physic and the designing of drainage systems. In this study the basic infiltration rate, infiltration rate and the saturated and unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity were determined in a randomized complete block design with three treatments and three replications in a corn field in north of Khuzestan (Dezful) in 2013. The treatments were including No Tillage (NT), Minimum Tillage (MT) and conventional Tillage (CT) methods. In order to compare the effect of mesearing method of saturated hydraulic conductivity with two methods of double rings and disc permeameter on tillage methods the factorial test were used. The messuring of disc permeameter was performed in 15, 10, 5, 3, zero suctions. The results showed that the basic infiltration rate, infiltration rate and saturated and unsaturated (exept 10 and 15 suctions) hydraulic conductivity in CT method were significantly higher than the other methods of tillage (P<0.01). Comparing of the two measuring methods showed there were significantly difference between them. According to this the value of saturated hydraulic conductivity in disc permeameter method was higher than double rings method.
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_12110_c8e7b03a61ce12c30b732c8e8157a11d.pdf
2016-06-21
39
48
10.22055/jise.2016.12110
Saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity
Disc permeameter
Double rings
Tillage
Moustafa
Bagheri
1
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zahra
Izadpanah
??@yahoo.com
2
استادیار گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
Saeid
Brooman nasab
boroomandsaeed@yahoo.com
3
استاد گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Khoramian
khorramy.mohamad@yahoo.com
4
استادیار مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی صفی آباد دزفول
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Bagasse on Nitrate Reduction From Effluent Subsurface Drainage Water
In order to investigate the performance of sugarcane bagasse in the removal of nitrate from effluent subsurface drainage water, a study was conducted at the physical models laboratory of Water Sciences Engineering Faculty of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, in the summer of 2013 till the summer of 2014. A physical model with the dimensions of , which simulated the drainage trench, was utilized in this experiment. Bagasse combined with soil by 3:7 volume ratio, the combination installed as a filter besides the drainage pipe. In this study, the influent nitrate concentration was 160 mg.L-1. Influent nitrate flow was continues. At first, every two days, and then every four days the drainage pipe was sampled. Input and output drainage model solution sampled with plastic bottles. Then some parameters like Nitrate, NH4, PH and EC measured. The presence of bagasse as a carbon material in the soil caused the amount of nitrate to reduce from 160 milligrams per liter to 60 milligrams per liter; a reduction of nearly more than 60 percent. The amount of ammonium increased very little in this study. The use of sugar cane bagasse as a filter drainage, reduces the acidity of the drainage outlet. It had no effect on the electrical conductivity. Physical model results show that the clogging of the filter in this period was relatively low and carbon filter had good performance. At first, the water output velocity was high but it decreased by time. According to analytics, the difference between input and output parameters in level of five percent were significant for acidity and electrical conductivity.
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_12111_37385be704844cb95bdd977a3754f3e7.pdf
2016-06-21
49
58
10.22055/jise.2016.12111
Sugar cane
Bagasse
Denitrification
Subsurface drainage
nitrate
Niloofar
Moghimi
1
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abed Ali
Naseri
2
استاد گروه آبیاری و زهکشی،دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب،دانشگاه شهیدچمران اهواز
AUTHOR
Amir
Soltani Mohammadi
hm@yahoo.com
3
استادیارگروه آبیاری و زهکشی،دانشکده علوم آب،دانشگاه شهیدچمران اهواز
AUTHOR
Seyed Ebrahim
Garm Dareh
4
استادیار گروه آبیاری و زهکشی پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
FAO-56 Method for Estimating Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficients of Eggplant in Greenhouse and Outdoor Conditions
FAO-56 Penman-Monteth (FPM) model is one of the most applied methods to estimate crop evapotranspiration; yet the accuracy of the model in greenhouses is still undetermined especially in non-standard conditions of water deficit and salinity. This study focused on the performance of the FPM model in estimating greenhouse and outdoor eggplant evapotranspiration (ETc), crop coefficient (Kc) and water stress coefficient (Ks) under different levels of water deficit and salinity. An area in the greenhouse and the outdoor field was assigned to grass cultivation as a reference crop. Daily reference (ET0) and crop evapotranspirations were measured by diurnal weighting of microlysimeters throughout the growing season (from May 19th to September 5th, 2012). The performance of the FPM model was evaluated by four statistical difference criterions along with regression indices. The ET0 values were properly estimated in the outdoor conditions but showed about 12 percent underestimation in the greenhouse; however, the trends of daily ET0changes were well predicted in both environments. Apparent differences in daily ETc variations were met during the growing season, for various levels and combinations of water stress. Best estimations of daily and mean 10-day ETc values were those of daily irrigated (I1) treatments in both environments. In mean 10-day ETc, better correlations were obtained between the measured and estimated values due to smoothened fluctuations in weather and data and soil moisture changes. Actual and calculated values of Ks along with the correctness of their estimations decreased with the intensity of water stresses in both environments. The variation patterns of daily Kc values was similar to those of the daily ETc. Mean 10-day values of Kc were properly estimated by the FPM model; yet outdoor estimations were accurate in all treatments.
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_12112_53656770675355ca8d4b78ef93601250.pdf
2016-06-21
59
77
10.22055/jise.2016.12112
Evapotranspiration
Greenhouse
Crop coefficient
Stress coefficient
Microlysimeter
Mohammad Rafi
Rafiee
1
دانشآموخته دکترای آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hadi
Moazed
hmoazed955@yahoo.com
2
استاد دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
Ali Asghar
Ghaemi
ghaemi@shirazu.ac.ir
3
دانشیار دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز
AUTHOR
Saeid
Broomand nasab
boroomandsaeed@yahoo.com
4
استاد دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Technical Evaluation of Drip Irrigation Systems (Case Study: Shahid Rajaayi Agro-Industry – Dezful)
Correct and essential design is one of the important factors in development and improvement of pressurized irrigation systems. This research was performed using Miriam-keller method in order to investigate drip irrigation system implemented in Shahid Rajaayi Agro-Industry, Dezful. To do this, five systems were selected as a drip irrigation system. These systems were different in terms of lateral pipe layout and nominal discharge of drippers. Drippers used in these systems were compensating emitters with 2.2, 4 and 8 liters/hour flow rates and had parallel and pig-tail configurations. To evaluate irrigation systems, Christiansen uniformity coefficient, emission uniformity, potential efficiency of low quarter and actual efficiency of low quarter parameters were used. Mean values of the above parameters in the evaluated systems were obtained 95.12%, 91.68%, 82.91% and 91.2%, respectively. Among systems evaluated, system D from plot 110, with pig-tail lateral layout and 8 liter/hour drippers was selected as the best system in terms of measured parameters. values of uniformity coefficient, emission uniformity, potential efficiency of low quarter and actual efficiency of low quarter for this system were 98, 95.8, 86.22 and 95.8 percent, respectively. Values of emission uniformity obtained for the evaluated five systems were in "Perfect" class. Low difference of values of Potential Efficiency of Low Quarter and Actual Efficiency of Low Quarter indicates good management of these systems and suitable design of them.
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_12113_2a3c49a84b7c6ce1cd57f9d2513a40b7.pdf
2016-06-21
79
88
10.22055/jise.2016.12113
Evaluation of drip irrigation
Emission uniformity
Uniformity coefficient
Dezful
Moustafa
Ashiri
1
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز.
LEAD_AUTHOR
AbdolRahim
Hooshmand
hooshmand_a@scu.ac.ir
2
دانشیار گروه آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
Saeid
Broomand nasab
3
استاد گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Optimization Operation from Storage Dams Using Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm
To derive optimal operation policies from multi-reservoir systems, applying the conflict multiple goals simultaneously is very important. In order to, this paper presents a multi-objective optimization-simulation model, which is consist of agriculture and minimum flow goals in a three dam water resources system. For this purpose, a discrete hedging rule with a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm has been coupled to minimize the modified shortage index over a series of hydrological record of 48 years. The evaluation metrics are diversity metric and standard deviation, which obtained values of each are equal to 0.357 and 0.0111 respectively. The results show the efficient performance of this algorithm to obtain Pareto frontier. Also, multi-objective algorithms present a set of optimum solutions for users instead of a solution, thus it helps to make decision in supplying the conflict goals of agriculture and minimum flow in different and complicate operation conditions such as drought periods easily.
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_12114_3dc494f9957444d08f20fde2fc218131.pdf
2016-06-21
89
100
10.22055/jise.2016.12114
Multi-reservoir and multi-purpose
Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm
Rule curve
Iman
Ahmadian far
1
دانشجوی دکترای عمران-آب، گروه عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه شهیدچمران اهواز
AUTHOR
Arash
Adib
arashadib@scu.ac.ir
2
دانشیار، گروه عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه شهیدچمران اهواز
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehrdad
Tghian
mehrdad.taghian@gmail.com
3
استادیار، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین اهواز
AUTHOR
Ali
haghighi
a.haghighi@scu.ac.ir
4
دانشیار، گروه عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه شهیدچمران اهواز
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Salinity of Irrigation Water and Super Absorbent Polymer on Some Hydraulic and Physical Properties of Sandy Loam Soil
Since the agriculture field is the main water consumer, using techniques in order to increasing water use efficiency is necessary. Applying super absorbent polymer (SAP) could be a method to reduce consuming water in Iran. Another method to counter water crisis is using unconventional water in agriculture, which in this terms the study of physical and chemical changes of soil properties is important. This study with the aims of the effects of super absorbent polymer and salinity of irrigation water on available water, soil porosity and saturation hydraulic conductivity was done at the Water Engineering Faculty of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. This research performed in two independent experiments with three replications according to a randomized complete block design with factorial layout in three levels of salinity irrigation water, two kinds of SAP, Iranian and French, each with three levels in winter and spring of 2014. The levels of using SAP included 0, 3 and 6 g SAP per kilogram soil (0, 0.3, 0.6 weight percentage) and treatment of salinity of irrigation included 2.6, 4, 6 dS/m. After two months irrigation under salinity water treatment, sampling to determine available water, soil porosity and saturation hydraulic conductivity was done. The results showed that increasing SAP increased available water and soil porosity and decreased saturation hydraulic conductivity significantly. Increasing of water salinity decreased available water and soil porosity at 5% significantly. The iranian polymer and the french polymer lead to raise water ability 1.45 and 1.96 times and increased porosity 33.61 and 40.75 percent more than the sample without polymer.
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_12115_db825f4a6570de7b1e6d7474022f9a8c.pdf
2016-06-21
101
113
10.22055/jise.2016.12115
Porosity
Water holding capacity
Super absorbent
Salinity
Saturation hydraulic conductivity
Marzieh
Shokouhi far
m.shokuhifar@yahoo.com
1
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
LEAD_AUTHOR
Saeid
Broomand nasab
boroomandsaeed@yahoo.com
2
استاد گروه آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
Amir
Soltani Mohammadi
hm@yahoo.com
3
استادیار گروه آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
Abdol rahim
Hooshmand
hooshmand_a@scu.ac.ir
4
دانشیار گروه آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Optimization of Crop Pattern Using Analytical Hierarchy Process and Linear Programming (Case Study: Plain Birjand)
It is necessary to optimize the use of water resources in arid and semi-arid of world because of limited water resources, low performance efficiency, increasing population and demand for water. Suitable cropping patterns are very effective and efficient method for use of water. Due to limited water resources in Birjand plain, this research was conducted to optimization of crop pattern in the plain. For this purpose, crop pattern in Birjand plain (A) and 8 common crop patterns were studied. The method of multi-criteria decision analytic hierarchy process and LINGO programming model used to determine the best cropping pattern. Economic and social measures used to maximize net income, employment and labor and minimizing water consumption, cost and virtual water in both model. Results showed that profit and water is factor that is more important other than to determine crop pattern. Results show that saffron, cumin, barley, wheat, summer crops, vegetables, sugar beet, forage plant and cotton are the highest priority for cultivation. AHP results showed that 8, 2 and 4 models were determined the best cropping patterns so that in these models the forage plant (21.12%), wheat (36.74%) and wheat (46.76%) had the highest cultivation area, respectively. Model 8 due to had a low coefficient of determination (R2) in LINGO so this model is inappropriate. The cultivated wheat and vegetable in models 2 and 4 increased than cropping patterns prevalent in the region. Cucurbit plants, saffron, cotton and barley in Model 2 increased compared to the current model, while Model 4 decreased. Cumin decreased in model 2 but increased in model 4. Cultivation of forage plant and sugar beet in both models reduced compared to the current crop pattern.
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_12116_b6514b200991a3ce0cea0c3cdac20108.pdf
2016-06-21
115
124
10.22055/jise.2016.12116
Optimization
Crop pattern
Birjand Plain
Linear programming
Mahmoud
Nakhaee
1
کارشناس ارشد گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه بیرجند
AUTHOR
Reza
Hashemi
2
استادیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه بیرجند
AUTHOR
Abbas
Khashee Sivaki
abbaskhashei@yahoo.com
3
استادیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه بیرجند
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohsen
Ahmadi
ahmadi_m@ut.ac.ir
4
دانشجوی دکتری آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Application of Bayesian Neural Networks, Support Vector Machines and Gene Expression Programming Analysis of Rainfall - Runoff Monthly (Case Study: Kakarza River)
Simulation of rainfall - runoff process is one of the most important tasks in water resources management and flood control studies. In this study, the rainfall – runoff process over Kakarza river located at Lorestan province, was simulated using the Bayesian neural network and the results were compared with the gene expression and support vector machine models. In this case, different combinations of monthly rainfall and runoff data in period of 1969-2013 were considered as the input data of the models. Four performance criteria namely, correlation coefficient, root mean square error, Nash-Sutcliff coefficient and bias were used to evaluate and compare the performance of the models. The results showed that the performance of the models were satisfactory. Results showed that, the Bayesian neural network model is more efficient than the other models in estimation of minimum, mean and peak of runoff .
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_12117_6535b2716c557a30e6df7879c8ef491b.pdf
2016-06-21
125
138
10.22055/jise.2016.12117
Rainfall-Runoff
Bayesian neural network
Gene Expression programming
Support vector machine
Mohammad Ali
Ghorbani
1
دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب ، دانشگاه تبریز
LEAD_AUTHOR
Reza
Dehghani
reza.dehghani26@gmail.com
2
دانش آموخته ارشد منابع آب، دانشگاه تبریز
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Different Levels of Municipal Effluent Irrigation on Maize Water Use Efficiency and Yield
The main challenge facing the agriculture sector is producing more food while using less water so it is needed to increase water use efficiency and optimal use of water resources, especially in arid areas. The main goal of this research is to study the effect of irrigation with municipal wastewater effluent and water use efficiency of maize in farms located in south- west of Shahr-e-kord. All of treatments were used in randomized complete block design with split plots and three applications with five factors including 100% well water (M1), 25% wastewater + 75% well water (M2), 50% wastewater + 50% well water (M3), 75% wastewater + 25% well water and 100 % wastewater (M5) and four sub treatment factors according to the different amounts of water, wastewater and mixture of water and wastewater on the basis of water requirements (50% (L1), 65% (L2), 85% (L3) and 100% (L4)). In the different treatment types of water, M4 (25%well water and 75% wastewater) had dry matter yield. Regarding to total dry matter, the yield of biomass, grain and water use efficiency were more in M4 treatment and the less water use efficiency was determined in 100% wastewater treatment (M5). In different amounts of water treatments on the basis of total dry matter, the most total dry matter yield, biomass, grain and water use efficiency were determined in 100% crop water requirement treatment (L4). On the basis of biomass yield, 85% crop water requirement treatment (L3) had more water use efficiency. The results show that for total dry matter, biomass and grain yield 75% wastewater + 25% well water was the best treatment in irrigation of considered area. On the other hand, wastewater contains nutrients and can be used without fertilizer consumption in this area, so it is useful in saving water and fertilizer.
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_12118_4fd51d2a5db709866c09b6202113922d.pdf
2016-06-21
139
148
10.22055/jise.2016.12118
Municipal
Wastewater
Maize yield
Maize water use efficiency
Total dry matter
Abbas
Malki
dr.maleki38@yahoo.com
1
استادیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان
LEAD_AUTHOR
Afsaneh
Alinezhadian Bidabadi
2
استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effects of Different Mulches on Temporal Changes on The Some Soil Physical Properties
Application of mulches not only affects the physical and chemical properties of soil, but improves infiltration maintenance. In this study, evaluated during four month, the effects of wheat straw, maize straw, sawdust, leaves and superab A200 on the soil physical properties including soil bulk density, capacity water in the soil and cumulative infiltration. The effects of mulch compared in both cases tillage and no tillage, under modle complete block randomized design experiment with split plot in time. Results showed Mulch reduces bulk density but over time, bulk density in all mulchs except of superab A200, were increasing. Use mulch experiments increased water-holding capacity of the soil. In case tillage treatments, wheat straw and in case no tillage treatments superab A200 increasing water-holding capacity. After time increase cumulative infiltration in the wheat straw, maize straw and superab A200 significantly, compared to sawdust and leave mulches.
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_12119_eb4e05e7fb5402a3eeaa8a26f697ddb9.pdf
2016-06-21
149
158
10.22055/jise.2016.12119
bulk density
Tillage
Water holding capacity
Mulch
Infiltration
Zeynab
Ahmadi Moghadam
zahmadimoghadam2014@gmail.com
1
کارشناس ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه شهرکرد.
AUTHOR
Behzad
Ghorbani
ghorbani@yahoo.com
2
دانشیار و عضو هیئت علمی مهندسی آب دانشگاه شهرکرد.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Nouri Emamzadei
3
دانشیار و عضو هیئت علمی مهندسی آب دانشگاه شهرکرد.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Numerical Simulation of Roll Waves in Chutes
Chutes are one type of the many hydraulic structures that cause in the formation of the waves and turbulence in the free surface of flow through super critical flow. In this study by the fluent software and by using volume of fluid model and PISO algorithm, the formation of the rolling waves in the physical model of azad damweirand numerical models have been considered. For this purpose, flow depth and weave heightare calculated along the chutes length for different discharges, widths and longitudinal slopes of the chute.The results indicate that roughness of the bed and walls impede the formation of the rolling wave, also the rolling waves are expected to be generated for sections of the chute whenweave height tohydraulic depth ratio in that section is above 0.57.
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_12120_8a26f76e431b0954cca86320ac2ba312.pdf
2016-06-21
159
166
10.22055/jise.2016.12120
Roll wave
PISO algorithm
Chute
Fluent
Volume of fluid model
Behrooz
Aghebati
behrouz_aghebatie@yahoo.com
1
دانشجوی دکترای مهندسی عمران، گروه آب و سازههای هیدرولیکی، دانشکده عمران، دانشگاه سمنان
AUTHOR
Jalal
Bazargan
jbazargan@znu.ac.ir
2
دانشیار بخش مهندسی عمران، گروه سازههای هیدرولیکی، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه زنجان
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Flow and Local Scouring Around of Spur Dike Straight and Angles by FLOW-3D
Examining the properties and behavior of the flow in the rivers and its associated structures is one of complex phenomena that make the use of software inevitable. First, the results of laboratory test carried out by Duan et al. (2009) in Minnesota university, are used verification and comparison of numerical simulations of FLOW-3D(version 9.3). The vertical spur dike was first simulated to verify the model results and the inclined spur dike with 60° and 30° to the flow direction was then considered. The simulation performed with FLOW-3D, for 650 seconds using turbulence models (k-ɛ, RNG, LES). By comparing different turbulence models with experimental results, the maximum scour depth at the tip of the spur dike was 8.82 cm. Then the maximum scour depth calculated by FLOW-3D in the turbulence models of (k-ɛ, RNG, LES) was 9.1, 8.9, 9.1 cm. So the error in RNG turbulence model is about 9 %, compare to the turbulence model k-ɛ, and of LES shows more agreement. In the simulation, the maximum scour depth at the tip of the spur dike 60° and 30° was 8.75 and 6.5 cm respectively.
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_12121_13f8f7251fc2f8afbb457cb9b3f2bafa.pdf
2016-06-21
167
179
10.22055/jise.2016.12121
Spur Dike
Scouring
Turbulence model
Flow-3D
Mojtaba
Asadi
1
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد سازه های آبی بخش مهندسی آب،دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز
AUTHOR
Seyed Mohammad Ali
Zomorodian
mzomorod@shirazu.ac.ir
2
دانشیار بخش مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و عضو هئیت علمی دانشگاه شیراز .
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Interaction of Erosion Parameter and Scour Pattern in the Plunge Pool
Experimental results of determining scour hole dimensions resulted from submerged circular jet in a plunge pool containing non-cohesive materials are presented in this paper. The effect of nozzle flow velocity, the height of nozzle installation and the bed particle diameters, are evaluated toward this end. Non-cohesive materials with average diameter of 4.06, 7.14, and 8.73 mm are used in this study. The elevation of jet installation toward the surface of plunge pool bed is changed with the values of 24, 35.5 and 44 cm. The nozzle flow velocity was differentiated between 2 and 10 meter per second. The comparison of observed results with previous studies show that the erosion parameter absolutely unable to normalized the effect of particle diameters, jet installation effect and nozzle flow velocity on the relative scour dimensions. The sensitive analysis on general introduced relations in this paper indicates that the variations of flow velocity and jet installation elevations has a double effect on estimating scour hole dimension in comparison to the material size and grading variations. The results also showed that armoring of the plunge bed has an important role in estimating relative parameters of scouring.
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_14376_ea3b1a8c640b8971e55ed02531b43b96.pdf
2016-06-21
181
193
10.22055/jise.2015.14376
Submerged circular jet
Material diameters
Jet depth
Erosion parameter
Scour hole dimensions
Babak
Lashkar-Ara
babak_lashkarara@yahoo.com
1
استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور
LEAD_AUTHOR
ایراندخت
دهقانی
irandokht.dehghani@yahoo.com
2
دانشجوی دوره کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی عمران دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور – دزفول ، ایران
AUTHOR
محمد
ذاکرمشفق
mzmoshfegh@yahoo.com
3
استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور – دزفول ، ایران
AUTHOR