Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
Irrigation Sciences and Engineering
2588-5952
2588-5960
35
1
2012
05
21
Evaluation of EVALUE, SIPAR_ID and INFILT Models for Estimating of Kostiakov infiltration parameters in Furrow Irrigation
1
10
FA
H.
Ramezani Etedali
Dept. of water engineering, Imam Khomeini International University
H.
Ebrahimian
Dept. of Irrigation and Reclamation, University of Tehran
F.
Abbasi
Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Karaj
A. M.
Liaghat
Dept. of Irrigation and Reclamation, University of Tehran
<span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-language: FA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Estimation<br />of infiltration parameters is very difficult in furrow irrigation while they<br />have very important effect in design and evaluation of surface irrigation<br />systems. There are different methods for estimating infiltration parametersbased on mathematical<br />models such as EVALUE, SIPAR_ID and INFILT. EVALUE model uses direct solution<br />whereas two other models are based on inverse solution. The objective of this<br />study is to evaluate these models to estimate infiltration parameters in furrow<br />irrigation. Twelve data sets of experimental blocked-ended and free draining<br />furrows were used in this assessment. </span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The data sets were under different conditions, e.g. length, slope, and<br />flow regime</span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-language: FA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">. Using the estimated<br />infiltration parameters, the total infiltrated volume was predicted to evaluate<br />the accuracy of the mathematical models. The results indicated that EVALUE and<br />SIPAR_ID provided the lowest errors for estimating the infiltrated volume with<br />RMSE 1.86 and 1.78 m<sup>3</sup> at blocked furrows, respectively. At free<br />draining furrows, SIPAR_ID with RMSE 1.11 m<sup>3</sup> has the best result.<br />The models specifically INFILT with RMSE, 1.63 m<sup>3</sup> provided lower<br />accuracies in cutback flow regime relative to continuous flow.</span>
Infiltration parameters,Furrow irrigation,EVALUE,SIPAR_ID,INFILT
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10495.html
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10495_fd19bf0decc6e0fb3e0751d3b239b016.pdf
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
Irrigation Sciences and Engineering
2588-5952
2588-5960
35
1
2012
05
21
Dissolved Solids Removal from Water by Reed and Sugarcane Straw Activated Carbon
11
20
FA
M.
Farasati
Professor, Department of Irrigation and Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, P.O. Box: 1158, post code: 6715685438, Kermanshah, Iran
H.
Moazed
Associate Professor, Water Sciences Engineering Faculty, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran.
S.
Boroomandnasab
Professor, Water Sciences Engineering Faculty, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran.
broomandsaeed@yahoo.com
J.
Abedi Kupaee
Associate Professor, Agricultural Faculty, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
N.
Jafarzadeh
Associate Professor, Environmental Technology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundi Shahpur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
In this study, activated carbons of reed and sugarcane sawdust are used as adsorbents to remove dissolved solids from water. The objective of this research work were to various evaluate the effects of adsorbent type, amount and total dissolved concentration on the sorption capacity, sorption properties and removal efficiency of the two used adsorbents. Results of the study indicated that optimum value of sorbent was 1600 mg/l and maximum removal of TDS belongs to the sugarcane sawdust activated carbon with 75 removal percentage. The removal percentage of TDS from water by sugarcane sawdust and reed carbons, are 63 and 57 respectively. Because the materials for preparing activated carbon of sugarcane sawdust are cheep and it has high removal efficiency for TDS as a result it could be concluded that sugarcane sawdust activated carbon would be good replacement for activated carbon.
Activated carbon,Physical activation,reed,sugarcane sawdust
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10496.html
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10496_0e1a989de4e198cf75194fab62b9f838.pdf
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
Irrigation Sciences and Engineering
2588-5952
2588-5960
35
1
2012
05
21
Application of Different Geostatistical Methods for Interpolation of EC and SAR Values in Groundwater with Emphasis on Basin Infiltration Changes
21
34
FA
M.
Naderianfar
PhD Student, Water Engineering Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
B.
Ghahreman
Professor, Water Engineering Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
H.
Ansari
Assistant Professor, Water Engineering Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
M.
Salari
MS. Student, Water Engineering Department, Zabol University
Awareness from spatial variability of quality parameters is important tool for understanding the region talent and how to manage of land. So in this research to analysis electrical conductivity and the ratio of absorption of sodium in groundwater using Earth statistical methods. For this purpose, information dependent on analysis of 169 wells of water in Neyshabour plain with climate of semi arid is based on last sampling in 1386 were used. Earth statistical methods used For Zoning parameters listed include Ordinarykriging, Logkriging, Cokriging, IDW and SPLINE model. for evaluation of methods are used from cross validation techniques with Standards of MAE, MBE, RMSE and R<sup>2</sup> Between actual and estimated data. Studies have shown that spatial correlation in EC and SAR is so very in Neyshabour plain. Results of EC and SAR maps using Cokriging and exponential and spherical model showed areas of North East Plains, aquifer is located under the influence of surface and groundwater supply, include values EC less than 1.5 dS/m and 2.5 mg/lit, the aquifer quality in above mentioned range towards the plain central regions gradually decreased and within the granule regions of aquifer (South and West regions of aquifer) formation of the alluvium is not desirable, EC and SAR values will increase in this range is higher than 12 dS/m and18 mg/lit. Finally, the quality of Neyshabour plain groundwater from viewpoint EC and SAR in terms of impact on soil permeability was investigated. The EC and SAR anomaly maps were drawn and shown that with increasing salinity levels in water drop pezometer correlated.
Sodium absorption ratio,Electrical conductivity,The final permeability,Land statistics,Anomaly
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10497.html
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10497_40a99c41b6922ed8b80fd8d312cb059d.pdf
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
Irrigation Sciences and Engineering
2588-5952
2588-5960
35
1
2012
05
21
Experimental Comparison of Discharge Coefficient for Mesh Panel Bottom Intakes With and Without Sediment
35
48
FA
K.
Bina
Assistant Professor, Civil Eng. Dept., Khavaran Institute of Higher Education
M.
Faghfoor Maghrebi
Professor, Civil Eng. Dept, Ferdowsi Univ. of Mashhad
J.
Abrishami
Associate Professor, Civil Eng. Dept., Ferdowsi Univ. of Mashhad
<span style="top: 4pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; position: relative; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-text-raise: -4.0pt;">Bottom rack is a<br />hydraulic structure which is placed on the bed of mountainous rivers through<br />which part of flow in the main channel is diverted. These structures have very<br />wide application in industry, irrigation, drainage and etc. The present study<br />was directed to estimate the discharge coefficient of a new kind of bottom<br />racks including both transverse and longitudinal bars which is named "mesh<br />panel racks" with and without considering solids in the fluid. This kind<br />of bottom intake has advantages from structural point of view and has less<br />deformation under static and dynamic loads. Laboratory setup with three mesh<br />panel intakes was built and the effects of various parameters such as racks<br />slope, porosity and geometry, sediment size and sediment grading were explored.<br />A dimensional analysis using Buckingham theory showed the effective hydraulic<br />and geometric factors that affect the discharge coefficient (C<sub>d</sub>) of<br />bottom racks. Then, a statistical approach to determine the discharge<br />coefficient of a rack structure was developed with linear and nonlinear<br />regression using SPSS software. Finally, hydraulic performance of mesh panel<br />intakes was compared with and without sediment.</span>
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10498.html
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10498_eef1f813d931ce9de589f4df1b7186fb.pdf
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
Irrigation Sciences and Engineering
2588-5952
2588-5960
35
1
2012
05
21
Interpolation of Soil Salinity and Evaluation of Salinity Risks in Meiankangi Region (Sistan) Using Geostatistical Methods
49
60
FA
M.
Kayedani
MSC., Irrigation and Drainage
M.
Delbari
Assistant Professor, Water Engineering Department, Zabol University
Soil salinity is one of the important soil properties that has a<br />significant effect on many processes such as plant grows. The objectives of<br />this paper are to estimate soil salinity and to map the salinity risk in<br />Meiankangi located in Sistan plain. Soil<br />electrical conductivity was measured on soil samples taken from 122 sites<br />distributed radiometry across to study area. The geostatistical methods of<br />ordinary kriging and indicator kriging were used for salinity mapping. The<br />latter was used to map the probability that soil salinity exceeds a critical<br />threshold. The methods were evaluated using cross-validation. The validation of<br />used methods were evaluated using root mean square error (RMSE( and mean bias error (MBE).<br />The results showed that both methods were similar for predict soil salinity.<br />The probability maps of exceeding 2, 4 and 8 ds/m were generated using<br />indicator kriging. Given the critical threshold of 2 ds/m, almost all the<br />regions have a probability of salinity of more than 0.5. The <br />results showed that the salinity is moderate across the study area.<br />Overall the obtained results indicated that unlike ordinary kriging, indicator<br />kriging is able to map the salinity risk. These maps are very helpful in<br />decision such as land classification and management.
Soil salinity,Interpolation,Risk map,Indicator kriging,Ordinary kriging,Meiankangi
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10499.html
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10499_450ad6530a07fe8564d30a3dce87cc3b.pdf
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
Irrigation Sciences and Engineering
2588-5952
2588-5960
35
1
2012
05
21
Study of Compaction Effect on the Active Pores on Conductivity Water of the Loamy Soil Using Disk Infiltrometer
61
70
FA
N.
Ramezani
MSc Student of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University
G.
Sayyad
Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University
A. R.
Barzegar
Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University
Y.
Mansuri
Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture Mechinery Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture,Shahid Chamran University
<span style="color: #333333; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The major topic in the study of the compaction<br />is the soil pore size and type</span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">. Soil compaction can be significantly reduced with changes in soil pore<br />volume, water infiltration and availability of plants to air and water. Sum<br />effects of the above may lead to reduced soil quality.<span style="color: #333333;"><br /><span class="hps">Therefore</span></span> <span class="hps"><span style="color: #333333;">a field</span></span><span style="color: #333333;"> <span class="hps">study</span><br /></span>was performed <span class="hps"><span style="color: #333333;">to evaluate</span></span><span style="color: #333333;"> <span class="hps">the effect of</span> <span class="hps">soil<br />compaction</span> <span class="hps">on</span> <span class="hps">movement of water</span><br /><span class="hps">in</span> <span class="hps">the pores</span> <span class="hps">(</span></span>coarse<br />and medium size pores<span style="color: #333333;">)</span> of loamy soil. A<br />completely randomized block was designed with three replications, applying blank<br />(No teraffic passing), once, twice, three times, four times and eight times of<br />tractor passings. Number of pores and percent flow through them with effective<br />porosity and hydraulic conductivities (saturated and unsaturated), was<br />determined in the field using disc infilterometer in four potentials (0, -3, -5<br />and -15 cm of water). Our results revealed thatin all of the treatments medium size pores<br />were many times of large ones<span class="longtext"><span style="color: #333333;"> h</span></span>ence,<br />both sizes decreased with compaction. Results of disc Infilterometer showed<br />that coarse and medium size pores (macro and meso pores) of eight times tractor<br />passings relative to control decreased 85 and 62.5 percent respectively.<span style="color: #333333;"> The <span class="hps">major</span><span class="hps">effect</span><span class="longtext"> of </span><span class="hps">compaction<br />was on</span><span class="hps">the</span><span class="hps">large</span><span class="longtext"> size </span><span class="hps">pores</span></span>.<span class="hps"><span style="color: #333333;"> The<br />medium</span></span><span class="hps"><span style="color: #333333;">pore size</span></span><span class="hps"><span style="color: #333333;">was</span></span><span class="hps"><span style="color: #333333;">more<br />impressed than</span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="color: #333333;"><br />large pore size.</span></span> N<span class="hps"><span style="color: #333333;">umber<br />of</span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="color: #333333;"> medium </span></span><span class="hps"><span style="color: #333333;">pores</span></span><span class="hps"><span style="color: #333333;">in<br />the soil</span></span><span class="longtext"><span style="color: #333333;"> was<br />less than large ones.</span></span></span>
Effective porosity,Number of pores,Ppercent flow through pores,Hydraulic conductivity
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10500.html
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10500_701bb30cae70d1ad94b4b5860c6f293d.pdf
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
Irrigation Sciences and Engineering
2588-5952
2588-5960
35
1
2012
05
21
Trend Analysis of Streamflows in East Azarbayjan Province
71
82
FA
M.
Ghezel saflo
M.sc. Student, Department of Water Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
Y.
Dinpashoh
Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
M.A.
Ghorbani
Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
A.
Fakheri-Fard
Professor, Department of Water Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
<span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt;">The aim of this study is trend analysis of streamflows of east<br />Azarbayejan in three time scales, which are monthly, seasonal and annual using<br />the non-parametric methods. For this purpose the information of discharges of<br />ten hydrometric stations (1983 -2008) were used. The Mann-Kendal test was used<br />after removing the all significant autocorrelation effects from the data. In<br />order to estimate the slope of trend line the Sen<sup>,</sup>s estimator method<br />was used.</span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt;">Results showed that<br />about 30% of the stations showed statistically significant negative trends in<br />annual time scale. The strongest negative trend line slope belonged to the<br />Vanyar station having the slope of 0.35 (m<sup>3</sup>/s/year) in annual time<br />scale. In seasonal time scale, negative trends observed at almost all the<br />stations. In monthly time scale streamflow trends were negative for most of the<br />stations and none of the stations experienced positive significant trends (even<br />at 10% level). The strongest negative trend observed in Tazekand (Soofi-Chay),<br />which was significant at 10% level.</span>
Homogeneity,Sen,s estimator,Trend,Mann-kendal,Streamflow
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10501.html
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10501_1d1077f30ba6d68a3c4631722dbdf982.pdf
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
Irrigation Sciences and Engineering
2588-5952
2588-5960
35
1
2012
05
21
The Evaluation of the Cprecip’s Parameter Ability on Appropriation of Snow’s Effect in River Daily Discharge Prediction by Neural Network and Fuzzy Neural Network
83
92
FA
S.M.
Seyyed Abbasi
Graduate Student of Electrical Control, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
M.
Goran Orimi
MS in Civil Hydraulic Structures, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
A.
Farid Hosseini
Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
M.B.
Sharifi
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
One of the most effective parameters in discharge prediction especially in snowy basins, is the snow parameter. Snow water equivalent (SWE) is the most common parameter used in modeling river flow to take the effect of the snow on the model into account. In this research, according to unavailability of the SWE parameter in most of the basins, we tried to offer Cprecip and MAZ-Cprecip instead of SWE. Cprecip is cumulative precipitation from November 1<sup>st</sup> to April 1<sup>st</sup> indicating the snowpack amount melting in the spring. MAZ-Cprecip is received by giving some changes on the Cprecip (to be suitable with Mazandaran basins). The results showed that the Cprecip parameter can be replaced with SWE and that MAZ-Cprecip parameter is more efficient than Cprecip parameter in Mazandaran basins, due to its most conformity with the basins in this region.
Discharge prediction,Snow,Artificial neural network,Fuzzy neural network
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10502.html
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10502_03c9c93afa42aca15fc940baea445713.pdf
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
Irrigation Sciences and Engineering
2588-5952
2588-5960
35
1
2012
05
21
Analysis of Ferquency Maximum Flood in Mountain basin (Case study : Armand station)
93
100
FA
D.
Rahimi
Assistant professor Department of Physical Geographical University of Isfahan
A.
Baratian
Institute of Geographical Sciences
A bivariate extreme value distribution, namely the Gumbel mixed model constructed from Gumbel marginal distributions is employed to analyze the joint distribution of correlated flood peak (probable maximum flood) and amount. Based on its marginal distributions, the joint distribution, the conditional probability distribution, and the associated return periods can be deduced. Parameters of the bivariate distribution model are estimated based on its marginal distributions by the method of moments (MM). The usefulness of the model is demonstrated by using it to represent multivariate probable maximum flood events at the Beheshtabad basin discharge station Armand in Iran.
Gumbel Mixed distribution,Probable Maximum Flood,Probable conditional,Period return condition
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10503.html
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10503_fc28b705bc3e207c8fc62e6da614182f.pdf
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
Irrigation Sciences and Engineering
2588-5952
2588-5960
35
1
2012
05
21
Experimental Investigation of Gravity Current Frontal Velocity on Rough Beds
101
109
FA
M.
Kaheh
PhD Candidate of Water Structure, Shahid chamran University of Ahwaz
M.
Ghomeshi
Professor of Water Science Faculty, ShahidChamran University, Ahwaz.
S. H.
Mousavi Jahromi
Associate Professor of Water Science Faculty, ShahidChamran University, Ahwaz
<span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt;">The frontal of gravity current is most important section of these<br />flowtypes. The advance force in front is pressure gradient due to density<br />differences between</span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt;">front flow and<br />ambient fluid. In order to find the roughness effects as a resistor on frontal<br />velocity, a series experiment of saline gravity currents were performed on<br />rough beds with size of 0, 4, 7.5, 12 and 15 (mm). The saline gravity current<br />with three inflow discharges of 0.7, 1 and 1.3 (lit/s) and three concentrations<br />of 10, 16, 20 (g/lit)was flowed on slope beds from 0.05 to 2.2 steep<br />percentage. For estimation of frontal velocity and assessing effects of<br />parameters, a linear model by correlation coefficient of 0.9 and RMSE of 0.037<br />and mean ratio deficit of less than 10% was derived. By applying of linear<br />modeling and linear standardization data, the efficiency index of slop,<br />relative roughness and non-dimensional discharge (Richardson number) on<br />prediction of non-dimension frontal velocity was estimated as 0.17,-0.50 and -0.35.</span>
Gravity currents,Frontal velocity,Rough bed
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10504.html
https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_10504_891069d977fae21977b506f989336a6e.pdf