Shahid Chamran University of AhvazIrrigation Sciences and Engineering2588-595234120110522Runoff Potential Estimation Based on the RS and GIS Application in
Khosro-Abad basinRunoff Potential Estimation Based on the RS and GIS Application in
Khosro-Abad basin1131327510.22055/jise.2011.13275FASafarMarofiAssociate Professor, Department of Irrigation, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, IranMojtabaShadmaniFormer MSc Student Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina
University, Iran
3- Former MSc StudentHosainTabariFormer MSc Student Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina
University, IranJournal Article20100120Runoff is one of the important parameters in hydrologic cycle and water resources management of<br />basins. In this research, Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques<br />were used for runoff potential estimation in Khosro-Abad watershed, located in the Hamedan region.<br />In this regard, first, the various thematic maps layers such as Digital Elevation Model (DEM), land<br />use and land cover, slope, soil hydrologic groups and sub-basins location were prepared. Then, based<br />on the prepared thematic layers, a weighting method was developed to runoff potential estimation of<br />the area. To spatial runoff variability investigating, the classifieds estimated runoff potential (low,<br />medium, high and extreme classes) was evaluated using the SCS method. The SCS method was<br />estimated based on three previous soil moisture conditions (dry, normal and wet). The results showed<br />that the weighting method is enable to runoff potential estimation. This method can be proposed for<br />runoff potential estimation especially in the cases that the needed data were missed. The results also<br />showed that with the previous soil moisture increasing (from dry to wet conditions), the CN increase<br />about 30%.Runoff is one of the important parameters in hydrologic cycle and water resources management of<br />basins. In this research, Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques<br />were used for runoff potential estimation in Khosro-Abad watershed, located in the Hamedan region.<br />In this regard, first, the various thematic maps layers such as Digital Elevation Model (DEM), land<br />use and land cover, slope, soil hydrologic groups and sub-basins location were prepared. Then, based<br />on the prepared thematic layers, a weighting method was developed to runoff potential estimation of<br />the area. To spatial runoff variability investigating, the classifieds estimated runoff potential (low,<br />medium, high and extreme classes) was evaluated using the SCS method. The SCS method was<br />estimated based on three previous soil moisture conditions (dry, normal and wet). The results showed<br />that the weighting method is enable to runoff potential estimation. This method can be proposed for<br />runoff potential estimation especially in the cases that the needed data were missed. The results also<br />showed that with the previous soil moisture increasing (from dry to wet conditions), the CN increase<br />about 30%.https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_13275_1e2268b41f3e7675a66946fa466a2ce1.pdfShahid Chamran University of AhvazIrrigation Sciences and Engineering2588-595234120110522Simultaneous Effect of Deficit Irrigation and Salinity on Yield and Yield Components of Tomato under Field ConditionsSimultaneous Effect of Deficit Irrigation and Salinity on Yield and Yield Components of Tomato under Field Conditions15231327610.22055/jise.2011.13276FAMasoudMohammadiMSc Student of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering Department Tehran University, IranAbdol MajidLiaghatProfessor of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering Department Tehran University, Iran0000-0002-3224-6529HoseinMolaviMSc Student of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering Department Tehran University, IranJournal Article20091231Salt and drought stress is one of the main problems of Agricultural production in many parts of<br />the world, especially in arid and semi-arid area. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate<br />the effect of both stresses (individually and simultaneously) on yield and yield component of tomato<br />(Super Strain B) in order to program irrigation management in Karaj. The experiment was carried out<br />as Factorial on base of complete randomized design with three replicates including two factors:<br />Salinity and irrigation water. Salinity and irrigation water factors consisted of four levels (S1=0.7,<br />S2=4, S3=8 and S4=12 dS/m) and three levels (W1=100, W2=75 and W3=50 percent of water<br />requirement), respectively. The soil texture was sandy loam. The results of this study showed that the<br />yield production reduced by increasing salinity and drought stresses. The maximum yield (240.7 g)<br />was corresponded to W1S1 treatment and the minimum yield (48.58 g) was corresponded to W3S4<br />treatment. Salinity, deficit irrigation and their interaction had significant effect (p<0.01) on dry<br />weight, root length and tomato evapotranspiration, but they did not have any significant effect on the<br />number of fruits. The combined impact of salinity and deficit irrigation did not have any significant<br />effect on plant height and dry weigh.Salt and drought stress is one of the main problems of Agricultural production in many parts of<br />the world, especially in arid and semi-arid area. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate<br />the effect of both stresses (individually and simultaneously) on yield and yield component of tomato<br />(Super Strain B) in order to program irrigation management in Karaj. The experiment was carried out<br />as Factorial on base of complete randomized design with three replicates including two factors:<br />Salinity and irrigation water. Salinity and irrigation water factors consisted of four levels (S1=0.7,<br />S2=4, S3=8 and S4=12 dS/m) and three levels (W1=100, W2=75 and W3=50 percent of water<br />requirement), respectively. The soil texture was sandy loam. The results of this study showed that the<br />yield production reduced by increasing salinity and drought stresses. The maximum yield (240.7 g)<br />was corresponded to W1S1 treatment and the minimum yield (48.58 g) was corresponded to W3S4<br />treatment. Salinity, deficit irrigation and their interaction had significant effect (p<0.01) on dry<br />weight, root length and tomato evapotranspiration, but they did not have any significant effect on the<br />number of fruits. The combined impact of salinity and deficit irrigation did not have any significant<br />effect on plant height and dry weigh.https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_13276_1cccae9a6c6103b28d5484f65a8899d1.pdfShahid Chamran University of AhvazIrrigation Sciences and Engineering2588-595234120110522The Impact of the Number of Adjoining Wet Days on the Distribution of Rainfall AmountsThe Impact of the Number of Adjoining Wet Days on the Distribution of Rainfall Amounts25341327710.22055/jise.2011.13277FABehnamAbabaeeYoung Researchers Club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranTeymorSohrabiProfessor Department of Irrigation and Reclamation, Faculty of
Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, IranFarhadMirzaeeAssistant Professor, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation, Faculty of
Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, IranJournal Article20100301The amount of daily rainfall for a solitary wet day (Class 0) is normally less than the rainfall for a<br />wet day that is enclosed by wet days on either side (Class 2). The same characteristics hold true for<br />the case of the first or last day of wet spells (Class 1) and there fore the rainfall here is found to be<br />smaller than the Class 2 rainfall. In many regions, there exist large differences between these rainfall<br />classes. In this study, the daily rainfall data from 5 rain gauge stations in the north and northwest of<br />Iran are classified to classes 0, 1 and 2 according to the number of adjoining wet days. To examine<br />the impact of adjoining wet days on the distribution of rainfall amounts, different distributions were<br />tested with 3 different data sets: (1) all rainfall classes grouped together, (2) solitary wet days fitted<br />separately from other wet days, and finally (3) all rainfall classes separately. The results showed that<br />the models which treat the rainfall classes separately are a better fit for all the 5 stations. The Akaike<br />Information Criterion (AIC) values are significantly reduced as the rainfall data are split into rainfall<br />classes. Also, among 4 different distributions considered (Gamma, Lognormal, Mixed Exponential<br />and Weibul), mixed exponential distribution in most cases and lognormal distribution in one case<br />showed better performances.The amount of daily rainfall for a solitary wet day (Class 0) is normally less than the rainfall for a<br />wet day that is enclosed by wet days on either side (Class 2). The same characteristics hold true for<br />the case of the first or last day of wet spells (Class 1) and there fore the rainfall here is found to be<br />smaller than the Class 2 rainfall. In many regions, there exist large differences between these rainfall<br />classes. In this study, the daily rainfall data from 5 rain gauge stations in the north and northwest of<br />Iran are classified to classes 0, 1 and 2 according to the number of adjoining wet days. To examine<br />the impact of adjoining wet days on the distribution of rainfall amounts, different distributions were<br />tested with 3 different data sets: (1) all rainfall classes grouped together, (2) solitary wet days fitted<br />separately from other wet days, and finally (3) all rainfall classes separately. The results showed that<br />the models which treat the rainfall classes separately are a better fit for all the 5 stations. The Akaike<br />Information Criterion (AIC) values are significantly reduced as the rainfall data are split into rainfall<br />classes. Also, among 4 different distributions considered (Gamma, Lognormal, Mixed Exponential<br />and Weibul), mixed exponential distribution in most cases and lognormal distribution in one case<br />showed better performances.https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_13277_da5b350f15ba5115be727b33e03ceccc.pdfShahid Chamran University of AhvazIrrigation Sciences and Engineering2588-595234120110522The Effect of Heat Island Phenomenon on the Local Climate Change in Ahwaz MetropolisThe Effect of Heat Island Phenomenon on the Local Climate Change in Ahwaz Metropolis35431327810.22055/jise.2011.13278FASaeidShokri KoochakMSc Student, Department of Water Resource Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz, IranAbdol KarimBehniaRetired Professor, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, IranJournal Article20100523Vertical and horizontal extension of cities and growing trend of industrial activities in them has<br />resulted in wide changes on ground physical properties, released energy, air pollution, temperature<br />and as a result change of local climate in metropolises. Cities are often warmer than their<br />environment. This phenomenon is determined by the difference between cities’ energy and their<br />environment’s energy. Synoptic climatology data of Ahvaz and Dezfool in a 44- year period was<br />surveyed and studied to specify these changes in Ahvaz metropolis. The results showed that annual<br />average minimum temperature of Ahwaz in this period has a total increasing trend of 3.375 °C and<br />(0.077 °C/1yr) yearly, whereas the corresponding parameter was without any changes in Dezfool.<br />Temperature increasing trend in Ahwaz in comparison with Dezfool as indicated by the results which<br />is resulted by the heat island effect in Ahwaz and the lack of development of Dezfool with time. The<br />greatest increase rate of Ahwaz average minimum temperature is 4.14 °C and (0.094 °C/1yr) yearly in<br />Azar monthly in this period and the smallest is 2.07 °C and (0/047 °C/1yr) yearly in Esfand monthly.<br />Usually the extent and extension of the city are known as the most important factors in the severity of<br />heat island effect, and population growth is among the serious factors which cause the increase of its<br />severity and finally result in the change of local climate of metropolis. Population is considered as<br />parameter which is explanatory of city’s size. In this study, a relationship has been developed for the<br />average intensity of heat island effect in Ahwaz and the logarithm of population.Vertical and horizontal extension of cities and growing trend of industrial activities in them has<br />resulted in wide changes on ground physical properties, released energy, air pollution, temperature<br />and as a result change of local climate in metropolises. Cities are often warmer than their<br />environment. This phenomenon is determined by the difference between cities’ energy and their<br />environment’s energy. Synoptic climatology data of Ahvaz and Dezfool in a 44- year period was<br />surveyed and studied to specify these changes in Ahvaz metropolis. The results showed that annual<br />average minimum temperature of Ahwaz in this period has a total increasing trend of 3.375 °C and<br />(0.077 °C/1yr) yearly, whereas the corresponding parameter was without any changes in Dezfool.<br />Temperature increasing trend in Ahwaz in comparison with Dezfool as indicated by the results which<br />is resulted by the heat island effect in Ahwaz and the lack of development of Dezfool with time. The<br />greatest increase rate of Ahwaz average minimum temperature is 4.14 °C and (0.094 °C/1yr) yearly in<br />Azar monthly in this period and the smallest is 2.07 °C and (0/047 °C/1yr) yearly in Esfand monthly.<br />Usually the extent and extension of the city are known as the most important factors in the severity of<br />heat island effect, and population growth is among the serious factors which cause the increase of its<br />severity and finally result in the change of local climate of metropolis. Population is considered as<br />parameter which is explanatory of city’s size. In this study, a relationship has been developed for the<br />average intensity of heat island effect in Ahwaz and the logarithm of population.https://jise.scu.ac.ir/article_13278_bef4474ced8616f0e9ae111ab8bd4f2e.pdf