نقش جاذب رطوبت آکواسورس در بهره وری مصرف آب گیاه نعناع فلفلی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج.

2 استاد پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

3 استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

محدودیت منابع آب شیرین در ایران به­صورت یک معضل جدی در آمده به­طوری­که، به­کارگیری فنون پیشرفته مانند کاربرد پلیمرهای جاذب رطوبت برای بهبود بهره­وری مصرف آب اهمیت به­سزایی دارد. هدف از تحقیق حاضر ارزیابی اثر کاربرد هیدروژل آکواسورس بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و بهره­وری مصرف آب گیاه نعناع­فلفلی و سنجش کارآیی این پلیمر در پایان یک دوره کشت می­باشد. آکواسورس نسل جدیدی از پلیمرهای هیدروژل بر پایه پتاسیم بوده که زیست­تجزیه­پذیر و فاقد ترکیبات آکریل­آمید است. به این منظور آزمایش­هایی به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد، که فاکتور اول چهار سطح کاربرد آکواسورس (صفر، نیم، یک و دو درصد وزنی پلیمر/خاک) و فاکتور دوم سه دور آبیاری (دو، چهار و شش روز) بود. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد دو ­درصد وزنی آکواسورس در دورهای آبیاری دو، چهار و شش روز سبب بیشترین کاهش در مقدار آب مصرفی به­ترتیب به­میزان 65، 36 و 32­درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد شد. از طرفی بیشترین افزایش بهره­وری مصرف آب با کاربرد نیم درصد وزنی آکواسورس به­دست­ آمد، به­طوری­که در دورهای آبیاری دو، چهار و شش روز به­ترتیب افزایش بهره­وری مصرف آب به میزان 1/1، 16/1 و 17/1 برابر نسبت به شاهد حاصل شد. افزایش سطح کاربرد هیدروژل به 2­درصد وزنی علی­رغم کاهش میزان آب مصرفی به­علت ایجاد شرایط نامطلوب برای رشد گیاه، کاهش بهره­وری مصرف را به همراه داشت. ارزیابی عملکرد آکواسورس در پایان دوره کشت نشان داد که این پلیمر تا حد زیادی قادر به حفظ عملکرد بوده و قابلیت استفاده در کشت­های متوالی را دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Aquasource Moisture Absorbent in Water Productivity of Peppermint (Mentha piperita)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saloome Sepehri Sadeghian 1
  • Nader Abbasi 2
  • Mohammad mehdi Nakhjavanimoghaddam 3
1 Assistant Professor of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
2 Professor of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Drought and water shortage in Iran is a climatic fact and due to the growing need for water in different sectors, this problem will become more acute in the coming years. Therefore, managing water consumption and applying advanced techniques in the agricultural sector as the largest consumer of water in the country, can be very helpful. One of the most effective strategies to improve water productivity in agricultural sector is to use hydrogel polymers to improve soil texture, increase soil water retention, reduce erosion and increase germination (Nirmala and Guvvali, 2019). However, in general, due to differences in the synthesis and chemical structure of polymers, the water uptake and storage capacity of these hydrophilic polymers are different, and hence their effect on changes in soil moisture and storage capacity will be very different (Yu et al ., 2017). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of Aquasource hydrogel on yield, yield components and water productivity of peppermint (Mentha piperita) at different irrigation intervals.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Moisture-absorbing polymer
  • Plant available water
  • Yield
  • Yield components

مراجع

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علوم و مهندسی آبیاری
دوره 44، شماره 4
دی 1400
صفحه 29-44

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 تیر 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 بهمن 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 بهمن 1399
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 دی 1400

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