ارزیابی اندرکنش آبخوان و رودخانه با استفاده از مدل تلفیقی SWAT-MODFLOW-NWT (مطالعه موردی: دشت مهاباد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استاد، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف اصلی از انجام این مطالعه بررسی مکان‏یابی مناطق نشت و زهکشی بین آبخوان و رودخانه در دشت مهاباد واقع در حوضه آبریز دریاچه ارومیه با استفاده از مدل ترکیبی SWAT-MODFLOW-NWT بود. مدل برای دوره ده ساله اجرا شد. بررسی‏های اندرکنش بین منابع آب سطحی و زیرزمینی نشان داد در نواحی مرکزی و شمالی دشت عمدتاً منجر به زهکشی آب از آبخوان به رودخانه به میزان 25/30 تا 15/40 میلیون مترمکعب به‏ترتیب در سال‏‏های خشک و تر نسبت به تغذیه آب زیرزمینی توسط رودخانه‏ها می‏شود؛ اما به دلیل شرایط هیدرولیکی متفاوت در نواحی جنوبی و غربی، نشت از رودخانه‏ها منجر به تغذیه آبخوان به میزان 35/5 تا 70/9 میلیون متر مکعب در سال می‏گردد. نتایج نشان داد به‏طور متوسط در طول سه سال آبی موردنظر میزان تبخیر روزانه از آب زیرزمینی بین 01/0 تا 51/0 میلی‏متر در روز متغیر بود. بررسی‏ها نشان می‏دهد گستره تبخیر از آب زیرزمینی عمدتاً در نواحی مرکزی و شمالی دشت و در امتداد رودخانه اصلی مهاباد چای متمرکز شده و در نواحی شرقی و جنوبی دشت کاهش می‏یابد. این الگو تا حدود زیادی با وضعیت تراز و عمق سطح آب زیرزمینی نیز مطابقت دارد. به‏طور‏کلی بررسی‏های نشان می‏دهد‏ مدل به‏خوبی توانست الگوی زمانی و مکانی اندرکنش بین آبخوان و رودخانه و نیز تبخیر از سطح آب زیرزمینی در منطقه را شبیه‏سازی کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Interaction between Aquifer and river Using Integrated SWAT-MODFLOW-NWT Model (Case study: Mahabad plain)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Omid Raja 1
  • Masoud Parsinejad 2
  • Masoud Tajrishy 3
1 Ph.D. candidate, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran,
3 Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Surface and groundwater dynamically interact at different spatial or temporal scales within a plain. Accurate estimation of water balance components is an important simulation of such interactions. Despite the rapid expansion of numerical models over the past two decades, there is still room for improvement for comprehensive and integrated assessment as well as management of surface and groundwater resources. In particular, the use of coupled surface and groundwater models is important to connect both surface and groundwater, and for proper representation of the water balance in the unsaturated root zone. The results of various studies suggest that the combination of SWAT and MODFLOW models can satisfactorily simulate the interaction between surface and groundwater at different spatial and temporal dimensions (Sophocleous and Perkins, 2000; Sun and Cornish, 2005; Bejranonda et al., 2007). Indeed, if both models are used simultaneously, not only the limitations of the two individual models can be improved, but also the temporal-spatial properties of the target area can be adequately reflected (Kim et al., 2008; Park and Bailey, 2017; Wei et al., 2018). Specifically in the Urmia Lake Basin, which has been severely affected by indiscriminate exploitation of water resources, these models can be used to maximize the supply of Urmia Lake based on the pattern of supplying irrigation needs from integrated water sources. This requires the interaction of surface and groundwater resources in different locations of plains and aquifers to be simulated and predicted based on different shares of agricultural water supply from integrated water sources.
The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the interaction between ground and surface water in Mahabad plain using the coupled SWAT-MODFLOW-NWT model as a comprehensive and integrated model. The main challenge in this study is the interaction and monitoring of water table adjacent to the surface water bodies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Recharge
  • Water table
  • Interactions
  • Evaporation
  • Sustainability
  • Lake Urmia

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علوم و مهندسی آبیاری
دوره 45، شماره 4
اسفند 1401
صفحه 49-72

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 10 اسفند 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 تیر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 تیر 1401
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 اسفند 1401

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