Investigating the effects of different amounts of A200 hydrogel and vermicompost on wheat crop under deficit irrigation

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 MSc Graduated of Irrigation and Drainage. Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University.

2 Associate Professor, Water Engineering Department, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University.

3 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University.

4 Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran.

چکیده

The intensification of drought and water stress caused by climate change is a major factor in yield and productivity reduction in the agricultural sector in arid and semi-arid environments. Agricultural lands are often sorely affected by water tension caused by scarce and low precipitation. This research evaluated the effect of different amounts of water, vermicompost and hydrogel used to save the soil water content on wheat grain and biomass yield. Hence, an experiment was conducted at the research farm of Kashmar higher education institute to evaluate the effects of different amounts of hydrogel and vermicompost on wheat biomass and grain yield. Experimental treatments were included: four levels of A200 hydrogel (i.e. 0(S0), 0.1(S1), 0.2 (S2) and 0.3 (S3) wt. %) plus four levels of vermicompost (0(V0), 7(V1), 10(V2) and 15(V3) tons per hectare) and three levels of irrigation water (60(W1), 80(W2) and 100(W3) percent of wheat water requirement). The experiment was carried out in a randomized completely block design (RCBD) in a factorial arrangement as a pot experiment in 144 pots. The results showed that the highest amount of biomass and grain yield was obtained in S3V3W3 treatment amounting of 81.7 and 35 grams per pot, respectively. Also, the lowest biomass and grain yield was achieved in S0V0W1 treatment at the rate of 35 and 10.2 gram per pot, respectively. Furthermore, grain and biomass yield were significantly affected (P ≤ 0.05) by different amounts of hydrogel and vermicompost under varying irrigation water levels. However, application of hydrogel and vermicompost compounds was not significant on the wheat yields. Overall, the best economic value for achieving the highest amount of grain yield was observed in (S2, 0.2%) of A200 hydrogel and (V2, 10 ton/ha) of Vermicompost. Similarly, the highest amount of biomass was obtained in the (S3, 0.3%) treatment of A200 hydrogels and 15 ton/ha (V3) of vermicompost. Based on the results, the application of moisture absorbents can be effective in increasing wheat yield in water deficit conditions in the arid and semi-arid environment.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the effects of different amounts of A200 hydrogel and vermicompost on wheat crop under deficit irrigation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sajad Azimi 1
  • Mojtaba Khoshravesh 2
  • Abdullah Darzi Naftchali 3
  • Meysam Abedinpour 4
1 MSc Graduated of Irrigation and Drainage. Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University.
2 Associate Professor, Water Engineering Department, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University.
4 Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The intensification of drought and water stress caused by climate change is a major factor in yield and productivity reduction in the agricultural sector in arid and semi-arid environments. Agricultural lands are often sorely affected by water tension caused by scarce and low precipitation. This research evaluated the effect of different amounts of water, vermicompost and hydrogel used to save the soil water content on wheat grain and biomass yield. Hence, an experiment was conducted at the research farm of Kashmar higher education institute to evaluate the effects of different amounts of hydrogel and vermicompost on wheat biomass and grain yield. Experimental treatments were included: four levels of A200 hydrogel (i.e. 0(S0), 0.1(S1), 0.2 (S2) and 0.3 (S3) wt. %) plus four levels of vermicompost (0(V0), 7(V1), 10(V2) and 15(V3) tons per hectare) and three levels of irrigation water (60(W1), 80(W2) and 100(W3) percent of wheat water requirement). The experiment was carried out in a randomized completely block design (RCBD) in a factorial arrangement as a pot experiment in 144 pots. The results showed that the highest amount of biomass and grain yield was obtained in S3V3W3 treatment amounting of 81.7 and 35 grams per pot, respectively. Also, the lowest biomass and grain yield was achieved in S0V0W1 treatment at the rate of 35 and 10.2 gram per pot, respectively. Furthermore, grain and biomass yield were significantly affected (P ≤ 0.05) by different amounts of hydrogel and vermicompost under varying irrigation water levels. However, application of hydrogel and vermicompost compounds was not significant on the wheat yields. Overall, the best economic value for achieving the highest amount of grain yield was observed in (S2, 0.2%) of A200 hydrogel and (V2, 10 ton/ha) of Vermicompost. Similarly, the highest amount of biomass was obtained in the (S3, 0.3%) treatment of A200 hydrogels and 15 ton/ha (V3) of vermicompost. Based on the results, the application of moisture absorbents can be effective in increasing wheat yield in water deficit conditions in the arid and semi-arid environment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural
  • Cereals
  • Kashmar
  • Pot
  • Water Stress
1- Allahyari, S., Golchin, A., Vaezi, A.R. 2013. Study on effect of super absorbent polymer application on yield and yield components of two chickpea cultivars under rainfed conditions. Journal of Plant Production, 20(1), 125-139. Doi: 20.1001.1.23222050.1392.20.1.8.1 (In Persian)
 
2- Azimi, S., Khoshravesh, M., Darzi Naftchali, A., Abedinpour, M. 2018. Effects of Hydrogel and Vermicompost on Water Use Efficiency of Wheat. Journal of Water Research in Agriculture, 32(1), 29-40. Doi: 10.22092/jwra.2018.116598 (In Persian)
 
3- Bagheri, H., Afrasiab, P. 2013. The effects of super-absorbent, vermicompost and different levels of irrigation water salinity on soil saturated hydraulic conductivity and porosity and bulk density. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 4(8), 2381-2388.
 
4- Bhardwaj, A.K., Shainberg, I., Goldstein, D., Warrington, D.N., Levy, G.J. 2007. Water retention and hydraulic conductivity of cross-linked polyacrylamides in sandy soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal71(2), 406. Doi: 10.2136/sssaj2006.0138.
 
5- Biri, A., Kaba, S., Taddesse, F., Dechassa, N., Zewidie, A., Chavhan, A. 2016. Effect of Vermicompost and Nitrogen Application on Striga Incidence, Growth, and Yield of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Monech] in Fedis, eastern Ethiopia. International J. of Life Sciences, 4(3), 349-360.
 
6- Carew, R., Smith, E.G., Grant, C. 2009. Factors influencing wheat yield and variability: Evidence from Manitoba, Canada. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 41(3), 625-639. Doi: 10.1017/S1074070800003114.
 
7- Claudio, P.J., Raphael Alves, B.F., Kamiila, L.R., Brunade, S.N., Priscila, M.B. 2009. Zn(ll) adsorption from synthetic solution and kaolin wastewater on vermicompost. Science of the Total Environment, 162, 804-811. Doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.05.104.
 
8- Darvishi, A., Mehraban, A., Fanaee, H. 2013. Investigation on the effect of A 200 superabsorbent and water stress on yield and yield components of Hamoon cultivar in Sistan region. First National Agricultural and Sustainable Natural Resources Conference, Tehran, Higher Education Institute of Mehr Arvand.
 
9- Egli, D.B., Bruening, W.P. 2004. Water stress, photosynthesis, seed sucrose levels and seed growth in soybean. Journal of Agricultural Science, 142, 1-8. Doi: 10.1017/S0021859604004095.
 
10- El-Hadi, O.A., Camelia, Y.E. 2004. The conditioning effect of composts (natural) or/and acrylamide hydrogels (synthesized) on a sandy calcareous soil. Growth response, nutrients uptake and water and fertilizers use efficiency by tomato plants. Journal of Applied Science Research, 2(12), 1293-1297.
 
11- Erenstein, O., Jaleta, M., Mottaleb, K.A., Sonder, K., Donovan, J., Braun, HJ. 2022. Global Trends in Wheat Production, Consumption and Trade. In: Reynolds, M.P., Braun, HJ. (eds) Wheat Improvement. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90673-3_4.
 
12- Fazeli Rostampour, M., Seghatollahi, M.J., Mousavi, S. 2011. Effect of water stress and polymer on yield and water use efficiency of corn in Birjand region. Journal of environmental stresses in crop sciences, 4(1), 12-19. Doi: 10.22077/escs.2011.95.
 
13- Fernández, E., López, D., López-Cabarcos, E., Mijangos, C. 2005. Viscoelastic and swelling properties of glucose oxidase loaded polyacrylamide hydrogels and the evaluation of their properties as glucose sensors. Polymer, 46(7), 2211-2217. Doi: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.12.039.
 
14- Gardebroek, C., Chavez, M. D., Lansink, A. O. 2010. Analyzing production technology and risk in organic and conventional Dutch arable farming using panel data. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 61(1), 60-75. Doi: 10.1111/j.1477-9552.2009.00222.x
 
15- Hao, B., Xue, Q., Marek, T.H., Jessup, K.E., Becker, J., Hou, X., Howell, T. A. 2015. Water use and grain yield in drought-tolerant corn in the Texas High Plains. Agronomy Journal, 107(5), 1922-1930. Doi: 10.2134/agronj15.0133.
 
16- Islam, M. R., Xue, X., Mao, S., Zhao, X., Eneji, A.E., Xu, Y. 2011. Superabsorbent polymers (SAP) enhance efficient and eco-friendly production of corn (Zea mays L.) in drought affected areas of northern China. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(24), 4887-4894.
 
17- Julca-Otiniano, A., Meneses-Florián, L., Blas-Sevillano, R., Bello-Amez, S. 2006. La material orgánica, importancia y experiencia de suusoenla agricultura. Idesia, 24(1), 49-61. Doi: 10.4067/S0718-34292006000100009.
 
18- Kansotia, B.C., Sharma, Y., Meena, R.S. 2016. Effect of vermicompost and inorganic fertilizers on soil properties and yield of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Journal of Oilseed Brassica, 1(1), 198-201. Doi:
 
19- Khadem, S.A., Galavi, M., Ramrodi, M., Mousavi, S.R., Rousta, M.J., Rezvani-moghadam, P. 2010. Effect of animal manure and superabsorbent polymer on corn leaf relative water content, cell membrane stability and leaf chlorophyll content under dry condition. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 4(8), 642-647.
 
20- Kizilkaya, R., Turkaym, F.S.H., Turkmen, C., Durmus, M. 2012. Vermicompost effects on wheat yield and nutrient contents in soil and plant. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 58, 175-179. Doi: 10.1080/03650340.2012.696777.
 
 
21- Kohansal, M.R., Aliabadi, M.M.F. 2014. Impact of technological change on wheat production risk in Northwest of Iran. International Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chicago.
 
22- Kosterna, E., Zaniewicz-Bajkowska, A., Rosa, R., Franczuk, J. 2012. The effect of AgroHydroGel and irrigation on celeriac yield and quality. Folia Horticulturae, 24(2), 123-129. Doi: 10.2478/v10245-012-0015-z.
 
23- Kumar, R., Kumawat, N., Sahu, Y.K. 2017. Role of bio fertilizers in agriculture. Pop Kheti, 5 (4), 63-66.
 
24- Mahajan, G., Ramesha, M.S., Chauhan, B.S. 2015. Genotypic differences for water-use efficiency and weed competitiveness in dry direct-seeded rice. Agronomy Journal, 107(4), 1573-1583. Doi: 10.2134/agronj14.0508.
 
25- Majidian, M., Ghadiri, H. 2002. Effect of water stress and different levels of nitrogen fertilizer during different growth stage on grain yield, yield components, water use efficiency, and some physiological characteristics of corn (zea mays L.). Iranian Agriculture Science, 33(3), 521-533
 
26- Mao, X.M., Zhong, W.W., Wang, X.Y., Zhou, X.B. 2017. Effects of precision planting patterns and irrigation on winter wheat yields and water productivity. Journal of Agricultural Science, 155(9), 1-13. Doi: 10.1017/S0021859617000508.
 
27- Nawaz, F., Ashraf, M.Y., Ahmad, R., Waraich, E.A., Shabbir, R.N., Hussain, R.A. 2016. Selenium supply methods and time of application influence spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield under water deficit conditions. Journal of Agricultural Science, 155(4), 1-14. Doi: 10.1017/S0021859616000836.
 
28- Nazarli, H., Zardashti, M.R., Darvishzadeh, R., Najafi, S. 2010. The effect of water stress and polymer on water use eficiency, Yield and several morphological traits of sunflower under greenhouse condition. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 2(4), 53-58. Doi: 10.15835/nsb.2.4.4823.
 
29- Pedroza Sandoval, A., Yáñez-Chávez, L.G., Sánchez-Cohen, I., Samaniego-Gaxiola, J.A., Trejo-Calzada, R. 2017. Hydrogel, biocompost and its effect on photosynthetic activity and production of forage maize (Zea mays L.) plants. Acta Agronómica, 66(1), 63-68. Doi: 10.15446/acag.v66n1.50868.
 
30- Pourgholam-Amiji, M., Liaghat, A., Ghameshlou, A., Khoshravesh, M., Waqas, M.M. 2020. Investigation of the yield and yield components of rice in shallow water table and saline. Big Data in Agriculture, 2(1): 36-40. Doi: 10.26480/bda.01.2020.36.40.
 
31- Pourpasha, M., Roshdi, M., Rezaee, M., Mashashi, K. 2011. Effect of different levels of nitrogen and superabsorbent polymer on yield and yield components of wheat. Journal of Agricultural Research, 3(12), 85-97. Doi: 10.22059/IJFCS.2017.223031.654237.
 
32- Ranwa, R.S., Singh, K.P. 1999. Effect of integrated nutrient management with vermicompost on productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Indian Journal of Agronomy, 44 (3), 554-559.
 
33- Rao, K.R., Rao, P.A., Rao, K.T. 2001. Influence of fertilizers and manures on the population of coccinellid beetles and spiders in groundnut ecosystem. Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, (9), 43–46.
 
34- Rivero, R.M., Kojima, M., Gepstein, A., Sakakibara, H., Mittler, R., Gepstein, S., Blumwald, E. 2007. Delayed leaf senescence induces extreme drought tolerance in a flowering plant. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(49), 19631-19636. Doi: 10.1073/pnas.0709453104.
 
35- Sankhayan, P.L. 1988. Introduction to the economics of agricultural production. Prentice-Hall of India, Private Limited: New Delhi; 131 p.
 
36- Saseendran, S.A., Ahuja, L.R., Ma, L., Trout, T.J., McMaster, G.S., Nielsen, D.C., Fang, Q.X. 2014. Developing and normalizing average corn crop water production functions across years and locations using a system model. Agricultural Water Management, 157, 65-77. Doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2014.09.002.
 
37- Shokati Amghani, M., Mojtahedi, M., Savari, M. 2023. An economic effect assessment of extension services of Agricultural Extension Model Sites for the irrigated wheat production in Iran. Sci Rep 13, 16947. Doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-44290-5.
 
38- Tits, M., Elsen, A., Bries, J., Vandendriessche, H. 2014. Short-term and long-term effects of vegetable, fruit and garden waste compost applications in an arable crop rotation in Flanders. Plant Soil, 376(1-2), 43-59. Doi: 10.1007/s11104-012-1318-0.
 
39- Tollenaar, M., Lee, E.A. 2002. Yield potential, yield stability, and stress tolerance in maize. Field Crops Research, 75, 161-169. Doi: 10.1016/S0378-4290(02)00024-2.
 
40- Vasanthi, D., Kumaraswamy, K. 1999. Efficacy of vermicompost to improve soil fertility and rice yield. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 47(2), 268-272.
 
41- Xu, S., Zhang, L., Mclaughlin, N.B., Mi, J., Chen, Q., Liu, J. 2015. Effect of synthetic and natural water absorbing soil amendment soil physical properties under potato production in a semi-arid region. Soil and Tillage Research, 148, 31–39. DOI 10.1016 /j.still.2014.10.002.
 
42- Yang, W., Li, P., Guo, S., Fan, B., Song, R., Zhang, J., Yu, J. 2017. Compensating effect of fulvic acid and super-absorbent polymer on leaf gas exchange and water use efficiency of maize under moderate water deficit conditions. Plant Growth Regulation, 83(3), 351-360. Doi: 10.1007/s10725-017-0297-9.
 
43- Yazdani, F., Aladadi, I., Akbari, G., Behbehani, M.R. 2007. Effect of different rates of superabsobent polymer (Tarawat A200) on soybean (Glycine max L.) yield and yield components. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 75, 167-1747 (in Persian).