Most strategic crops such as sugarcane, sugar beet, and others are irrigated using the furrow method. The most important factors affecting water infiltration in the furrows include the wetted perimeter, flow cross-section, and so on. Evaluating the wetted perimeter and flow cross-section in furrow irrigation requires measuring parameters such as the cross-section, wetted perimeter, and others.At the farmlands of the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Sanandaj, 20×20 meter grid was implemented to determine the land slope, and a topographical map was prepared. The furrows were created using a ridger with an approximately parabolic cross-section, spaced 0.75 meters apart and 80 meters long. A total of five measurement furrows and ten buffer furrows were created in one block for four consecutive irrigations, and the necessary experiments were conducted.The data were analyzed using MSTAT-C, SPSS, software.The Analysis of Variance results showed a significant difference at the one percent (1%) level between the mean wetted perimeter values in measurement furrows one to five and the cross-section meter and parabola equation. The coefficient of variation for this data was 0.03 percent. The mean wetted perimeter values for the cross-section meter and parabola equation methods were 48.36 cm and 48.31 cm, respectively.The results showed a significant difference at the one percent (1%) level between the mean flow cross-section values in furrows one to five and the two measurement methods. The coefficient of variation for this data was 2.18 percent. The mean flow cross-section values for the cross-section meter and parabola equation methods were 306.28 cm² and 347.43 cm², respectively.The fitted line equation and the correlation coefficient derived from the mean wetted perimeter values using the cross-section meter and parabola equation methods showed that the correlation coefficient for the wetted perimeter obtained equal to one and for the flow cross-section, it was approximately 0.99.
Behzad,M., Study of the effect of wetted perimeter on water penetration in furrows. PhD thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, 218 pages.
2- De Queiroz, M.G., Da Silva, T.G.F., Zolnier, S., Jardim, A.M.D.R.F., de Souza, C.A.A., Júnior, G.D.N.A., de Morais, J.E.F. and de Souza, L.S.B., 2020. Spatial and temporal dynamics of soil moisture for surfaces with a change in land use in the semi-arid region of Brazil. Catena, 188, p.104457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2020.104457
3- Dibal, J.M., Ramalan, A.A., Mudiare, O.J. and Igbadun, H.E., 2014. Scenario Studies on Effects of Soil Infiltration Rates, Land Slope, and Furrow Irrigation Characteristics on Furrow Irrigation‐Induced Erosion. International Scholarly Research Notices, 2014(1), p.942732.doi: 10.1155/2014/942732.
4- Gillies, M.H. and Smith, R.J., 2005. Infiltration parameters from surface irrigation advance and run-off data. Irrigation Science, 24(1), pp.25-35.
5- Li, J., Zhu, Y., Jin, H., Zhou, B., Han, L., Wang, H. and Wei, C., 2023. Approximate water vertical infiltration extremum path in unsaturated soils. Journal of Hydrology, 625, p.129989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129989.
6- Martin, C.J.S.L., 2002. A Physically Based Two-Dimensional Infiltration Model for Furrow Irrigation. In 2002 ASAE Annual Meeting (p. 1). American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. doi: 10.13031/2013.11688.
7- Mazarei, R., Mohammadi, A.S., Ebrahimian, H. and Naseri, A.A., 2021. Temporal variability of infiltration and roughness coefficients and furrow irrigation performance under different inflow rates. Agricultural Water Management, 245, p.106465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106465
8- Nasseri, A., Neyshabori, M.R., Fard, A.F., Mogaddam, M. and Nazemi, A.H., 2004. Field-measured furrow infiltration functions. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 28(2), pp.93-99.
Rahimi, A. (2026). Determining The Wetted Perimeter and Water Flow Cross-Section in Furrow Irrigation Using Different Methods. Irrigation Sciences and Engineering, 49(2), 105–118. https://doi.org/10.22055/jise.2025.50008.2168
MLA
Rahimi, A. "Determining The Wetted Perimeter and Water Flow Cross-Section in Furrow Irrigation Using Different Methods", Irrigation Sciences and Engineering, 49, 2, 2026, 105–118. doi: 10.22055/jise.2025.50008.2168
HARVARD
Rahimi, A. (2026). 'Determining The Wetted Perimeter and Water Flow Cross-Section in Furrow Irrigation Using Different Methods', Irrigation Sciences and Engineering, 49(2), pp. 105–118. doi: 10.22055/jise.2025.50008.2168
CHICAGO
Rahimi, A., "Determining The Wetted Perimeter and Water Flow Cross-Section in Furrow Irrigation Using Different Methods." Irrigation Sciences and Engineering, 49 2 (2026): 105–118, doi: 10.22055/jise.2025.50008.2168
VANCOUVER
Rahimi A. Determining The Wetted Perimeter and Water Flow Cross-Section in Furrow Irrigation Using Different Methods. JISE. 2026;49(2):105–118 (In Persian). doi: 10.22055/jise.2025.50008.2168
