مطالعه و پایش تغییرات سطح آب و تأثیر آن بر دمای سطح تالاب با استفاده از شاخص های NDWI، MNDWI و AWEI (مطالعه موردی: تالاب های شادگان و هورالعظیم)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی و مدیریت منابع آب، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور دزفول.

2 استادیار گروه عمران آب، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور دزفول

3 دانشجوی دکتری سنجش از دور دانشگاه تهران.

چکیده

پایش و حفاظت از تالاب­ها به­دلیل نقش مهم این منابع در حفظ اکوسیستم و تامین نیازهای افتصادی و اجتماعی جوامع بشری امری لازم و ضروری می­باشد. در این تحقیق با استفاده از سه شاخص NDWI، MNDWI و AWEI میزان سطح تالاب­های هورالعظیم و شادگان واقع در استان خوزستان در بازه زمانی 1397- 1378 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. پس از فرایند پیش­پردازش بر روی تصاویر لندست، برپایه 200 نقطه تعلیمی حد آستانه هر شاخص در شناسایی سطح تالاب­ها تعیین گردید که با توجه به دقت کلی 5/95 درصد و ضریب کاپای 91 درصد، شاخص MNDWI نسبت به دو شاخص NDWI و AWEI از کارایی بهتر و دقت بالاتری برخوردار است. مساحت تالاب­ها برای ماه­های فروردین، شهریور و دی­ماه در هر سال که معرف تغییرات حجم آب ورودی به تالاب­ها هستند، با استفاده از شاخص­ MNDWI محاسبه شد. بررسی روند تغییرات سطح تالاب­ها با استفاده از آزمون من-کندال نیز نشان داد که میزان تغییر مساحت تالاب­ها در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد دارای روند معنی­دار نیست. این موضوع بیانگر تأثیر دخالت انسان در تنظیم میزان جریان ورودی به این تالاب­ها توسط سدهای بالادست به­خصوص در زمان خشک­سالی و سیلاب می­باشد. به­طوری­که بیشترین تغییرات مربوط به ماه فروردین و کمترین آن در ماه شهریور اتفاق افتاده است. هم­چنین بررسی همبستگی تغییرات دمایی تالاب­ها با تغییر مساحت­ها نشان داد که به­طور متوسط به ازای تغییر هر 1000 هکتار از مساحت تالاب­های هورالعظیم و شادگان میزان دما 4/0± درجه سلسیوس تغییر می­کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study and monitoring of wetland area changes and its impact on wetland surface temperature using NDWI, MNDWI, and AWEI indices (case study: Hor-alazim and Shadegan wetlands)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khadijeh Amiri 1
  • Hesam Seyed kaboli 2
  • Farhad Mahmoodi-kohan 3
1 M.S. Student of Water Resource Management and Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful.
2 Assistant professor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful
3 Ph.D. Candidate of Remote Sensing, University of Tehran.
چکیده [English]

Monitoring and conservation of the wetlands are very important due to their role in eco-system protection and providing the socio-economic needs of the local community. Sarp and Ozcelik (2017); Nandi et. al. (2018); Ali et. al. (2019) used NDWI, MNDWI and AWEI indices to monitor waterbodies changes based on Landsat (ETM+, OLI) dataset. In this study, these indices were applied to monitor area changes of Hor-alazim and Shadegan wetlands in Khuzestan province that were selected as case study areas for period 2000-2018. Wetlans area changes were evaluated for three months, include April, September, and January in any year that represent inflow changes. Mann-Kendall statistics was also used to study the changes in a wetlands area. The  MNDWI index in comparison to NDWI and AWEI has better performance and higher accuracy. The results of Man-Kendall statistics showed that wetlands area changes have no significance relation in 95% confident level. Also, the correlation between temperature and wetland area changes showed that on average, the wetlands temperature changes by ±0.4 C for per 1000-hectare area change.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Remote sensing
  • Spectral index
  • Water bodies
  • Mann-Kendall
  • Kappa coecifient

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علوم و مهندسی آبیاری
دوره 44، شماره 4
دی 1400
صفحه 59-74

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 25 آذر 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 07 مرداد 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 12 مرداد 1399
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 دی 1400

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