ارزیابی کارآئی شبکه جمع آوری و دفع آب های سطحی با استفاده از مدل SWMM (مطالعه موردی: شهر لیکک، استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان.

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی طبیعت دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی- آبخیزداری، دانشگاه یاسوج.

چکیده

به­منظور مدیریت رواناب شهری لازم است میزان رواناب به درستی برآورد گردد. از جمله مدل­های پرکاربرد برای برآورد رواناب شهری، مدل SWMM است که یک برای یک واقعه رگبار و یا برای داده­های پیوسته سری زمانی کیفیت و کمیت رواناب را
شبیه­سازی نماید. هدف از تحقیق حاضر ارزیابی کارآئی کانال­های جمع­آوری رواناب با استفاده از مدل SWMM در حوضه شهری لیکک است. به این منظور ابتدا کارایی مدل مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. برای واسنجی مدل از سه واقعه بارندگی و به­منظور ارزیابی و اعتبار­سنجی مدل از دو واقعه استفاده شد. کارایی مدل در براورد دبی اوج و حجم جریان با استفاده از ضریب ناش - ساتکلیف، خطای مجموع مربعات و ضریب BIAS مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از واسنجی مدل نشان داد که دبی اوج و حجم جریان شبیه­سازی انطباق خوبی با مقادیر مشاهداتی دارد (74/0NS=، 0052/0RMSE=، 48/10BIAS%=) و از نتایج به­دست آمده در واسنجی برای برآورد مقدار بهینه پارامترها استفاده شد. به­منظور ارزیابی و اعتبار­سنجی مدل از دو واقعه مجزا از مرحله واسنجی استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل از ارزیابی، کارایی و دقت مدل را تأیید می­کند (58/0NS=، 0027/0RMSE=، 95/10BIAS%=). با استفاده از بارش طرح و مقادیر بهینه پارامترها، اقدام به شبیه­سازی شبکه جمع­آوری رواناب گردید. نتایج نشان داد که مدل SWMM کارایی خوبی در شبیه­سازی دبی اوج و حجم سیلاب دارد. همچنین نتایج بیانگر این بود که کانال­های موجود در شهر کارایی کافی در انتقال رواناب را ندارند و در بارش­های با دوره­های برگشت مختلف ممکن است باعث آبگرفتگی شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the Performance of Collection and Disposal of Surface Runoff Network Using SWMM Model (Case Study: the City of Likak, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Taatpour 1
  • Zohreh Khorsandi Kouhanestani 2
  • Mohsem Armin 3
1 M.Sc. Graduate, Department of Range and Watershed Management Engineering, The Faculty of Natural Resources, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran.
2 Assistant professor - Department of Nature Engineering, Agricultural science and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
3 Assistant professor, Department of Natural Resources Engineering-Watershed Management, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Flood is one of the most dangerous and destructive phenomena which endangers people’s lives and properties all around the world. According to statistics of a 30-year period (1974-2003), about 2162 major floods have occurred which constitute 34% of the world's disasters (Tajbakhsh and Khodashenas, 2012). Floods are frequent and ruinous in Iran due to severe weather condition. Several factors intensify the risk of flood in urban areas including urbanization, land use changes, inappropriate drainage systems, and impermeable area development (Sabeti, 2011).
Likak has faced numerous floods due to high rain density, high rate of urban development, unsafe and unproductive urban development, ignoring safety criteria in developing urban areas, road watering issues, inefficient drainage systems, and inefficacious water channels. Water channels and drainage issues have never been evaluated in this town. Applying an effective runoff management plan is the ultimate solution for the problem of flood in Likak. Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) is one of the most reliable and prevailing models for evaluating and managing the urban runoff issue. SWMM is a dynamic rainfall-runoff simulator which can be used for simulating the quantity and quality of the run-off for a single raining event or continuous long-term rains (Gironas et al, 2010). Yu et al. (2014) adapted and calibrated SWMM to Jinan, a typical piedmont city in China. Fourteen storms were used for model calibration and validation, finally verifying large-scale applicability of the model to piedmont cities. Results of this study verified that SWMM is applicable to  large-scale cities.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • urban flood
  • runoff simulation
  • SWMM
  • drainage system

مراجع

1-    Alishahi Toosi, M.R. and Boudaghpour, S., 2010. The analysis of sensitivity of EPA-Swmm Model in modeling of urban areas. The 2nd conference of comprehensive management of water resources, Bahonar university of Kerman, Kerman, Iran. (In persian).
 2-     Badiezadeh, S., 2012.  Has been upgraded Determination of optimal dimensions of drainage network by simulating surface runoff using SWMM model in Gorgan, Golestan province, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources - Faculty of Rangeland, Watershed Management and Fisheries and the Environmen. (In persian).
 3-    Barco, J., Wong, K. M. and Stenstrom, M. K., 2008. Automatic Calibration of the U.S. EPA SWMM Molel for a Large Urban Catchment. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 134(4), pp. 466-474.
 4-    Beling, F.A., Garcia, J.I.B., Paiva, E.M.C.D., Bastos, G.A.P. and Paiva, J.B.D., 2011. Analysis of the SWMM Model Parameters for Runoff Evaluation in Periurban Basins from Southern Brazil. 12nd International Conference on Urban Drainage, Porto Alegre, Brazil,
 5-    Croke, B.F.W., Andrews, F., Spate, J. and Cuddy, S.M., 2005. IHACRES User Guide. Technical Report.
 6-    Donquan, Z., Jining, C., Haozheng, W., Qingyuan, T., Shangbing, C. and Zheng, S., 2009. GIS-based urban rain fall-run off modeling using an automatic catchment-discretization approach: a case study in Macaa. Environ Earth Sci,, 59(2),  pp. 465-472
 7-    Du, J.K., Xie, S.P., Xu, Y.P., Xu, C.Y. and Singh, V.P., 2007. Development and testing of a simple physically-based distributed rainfall-runoff model for storm runoff simulation in humid forested basins. Journal of Hydrol 306, pp. 334–346
 8-    Gironas, J.,.roesner, L.A., .rossman, L.A. and dVis, J., 2010. A new applications manual for the storm water management model (swmm).  journal of Elsevier, environmental modeling & software. 25(6), PP. 813-814.
 9-    Henriksen, H. J., Troldborg, L., Nyegaard, P., Sonnenborg, T.O., Refsgaard, J. C., and Madsen, B., 2003. Methodology for construction, calibration and validation of a national hydrological model for Denmark. Journal of Hydrology, 280(1), pp. 52-71.
 10-Hse, M.H., Chen, S.H. and Chang, T.J., 2000. Inundation simulation for urban drainage basin with storm sewer system, Journal of Hydrology, 234, pp. 21-37.
 11-Jang, S., Cho, M., Yoon, J., Yoon, Y., Kim, S., Kim, G., Kim, L. and Aksoy, H., 2007. Using SWMM as a tool for hydrologic impact assessment. Desalination 212, pp. 344–356.
 12- Karimi, V., Solaimani, K., Habibnejad Roshan, M. and Shahedi, K., 2015. Simulation of Flow in Open & Closed Conduits by EPA-SWMM Model (Case Study: Babolsar Urban Watershed), Journal of Watershed Management Research 6(11), pp. 162-170. (in Persian).
 13-Nash, J.E., and Sutcliffe, J.V., 1970. River flow forecasting though conceptual models. Part 1-A discussion of principles: Journal of Hydrology, 10, pp. 282-290.
 14-Park, S.Y., Lee, K.W., Park, I.H. and Ha, S.R., 2008. Effect of the aggregation level of surface runoff fields and sewer network for a SWMM simulation. Desalination 226, PP 328–337.
 15- Rostami Khalaj, M., 2012. urban flood risk zoning using hydrological and hydraulic models integration (Case study: Zone 2, City of Mashhad), University of Tehran, Faculty of Natural Resources, Department of Rehabilitation of Arid and Highlands, Watershed, pp. 126 (in Persian) 
 16-Rossman, L. A., 2009. Storm water management model, User’s Manual version 5.0. EPA/600/R-05/040, National Risk Management Research Laboratory. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, PP 259.
 17- Sabeti, E., 2011. uantitative Modeling and Investigating the Effect of Variation of Permeable Surface on the Volume of Runoff Case Study: Zargande conduit located in Maghsoodbeyg-Sadr area. in Tehra, sharif university, Tehran, Iran. (In persian).
 18- Sonei, A. and Ahmadi Jazi, R., 2007. Comparison of Logical Methods and SWMM in Determination of Flood Discharges, The first National Engineering Conference of the channels, Mashhad Municipality, Mashhad, Iran. (In Persian).
 19-Scotta, L., 2006. Sanitary Sewer design using EPA Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Manhattan College, Parkway, Riverdale, New York, 10(1).
 20- Tajbakhsh, M. and Khodashenas, S.R., 2012. Revision of Surface-Run off Drainage System by Simulation and Application of Retention Basins (Case Study: East Eghbal Catchment, Mashhad). Quarterly Water and Soil Science, 21(1), pp.109-123.
 21- Temprano, J., Arango, O., Cagiao, J., Suarez, J. and Tejero, I., 2006. Storm Water quality calibration by SWMM  : acase study in Northern Spain. Water SA, 32(1), pp.55-63.
 22- Veisi panah, M., barati, M.J. and falahati, F., 2014. The Efficiency of SWMM Model in Preparation of Production Runoff Map in Urban Basins (Case Study: Marivan Watershed), second  National Conference on Flood Management, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
 23-Yu, H., Huang, G. and Wu, C., 2014. Application of the storm water management model to a piedmont city: a case study of Jinan City, China. Water Science & Technology 70(5), pp. 858–864.
علوم و مهندسی آبیاری
دوره 42، شماره 2
تیر 1398
صفحه 33-48

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 دی 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 17 تیر 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 تیر 1396
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 تیر 1398

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار