مدلسازی و بررسی روند آلودگی سالیانه نیترات رودخانه تجن با QUAL2Kw و HEC-RAS

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد

2 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی منابع آب، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد.

چکیده

ارزیابی مداوم آلودگی آب موضوعی مهم و حیاتی در مدیریت بهینه پهنه‌های آبی است. در این تحقیق به بررسی روند آلودگی نیترات در طول حدود 50‌ کیلومتری از رودخانه تجن، حد فاصل بین ایستگاه هیدرومتری ریگ‌چشمه در بالادست و ایستگاه کردخیل در پایین‌دست در طی سال 1397 پرداخته شد. برای تحقق این امر ابتدا شرایط هیدرولیکی حاکم بر جریان با استفاده از مدل HEC-RAS تعیین و وارد مدل QUAL2Kw شد. پس از واسنجی و صحت‌سنجی‌ مدل، تغییرات زمانی- مکانی آلاینده نیترات در مسیر رودخانه بررسی گردید. نتایج نشان‌ دهنده بیشتر بودن بار ورودی از منابع آلاینده غیرنقطه‌ای و در فصل ‌‌‌کشت به رودخانه بود‌ که سبب بیشتر شدن بار‌ نیترات از حداکثر مجاز می‌گردد. روند افزایش غلظت نیترات در طول مسیر 50‌ کیلومتری در فصل غیرکشت حدود 19 درصد است و حال آنکه به دلیل مصرف بی‌رویه کود در فصل کشت این رقم با افزایش حدود 8/2 برابری به حدود 50‌ درصد می‌‌‌رسد. غلظت نیترات در فصل کشت، در بخش انتهایی و ادامه مسیر جریان به حدود 47 میلی‌گرم بر ‌لیتر رسیده که نزدیک به میزان مجازmg/lit 50 برای کاربری شرب و بسیار بیشتر ازmg/lit 30 برای کاربری کشاورزی بوده که برداشت آب برای کاربری‌های مربوطه را با محدودیت مواجه می‌نماید. از طرفی مناطق پایین‌دست رودخانه که محل تخم‌ریزی ماهیان بوده با روند افزایش نیترات منجر به تغذیه‌گرایی و کاهش جمعیت آبزیان خواهد شد. لذا تعیین چارچوبی برای کاهش و کنترل بار نیترات، با تمرکز بر منابع آلاینده غیر‌نقطه ای در سیا‌ست‌های مدیریتی اکوسیستم آبی رودخانه تجن ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling and Investigation of Annual Nitrate Pollution Trend of Tajan River with QUAL2Kw and HEC-RAS

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Radfar 1
  • Farshad Alipour Nasirmahale 2
1 Assistant Professor, Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
2 PhD Student of Water Resources Engineering, Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Continuous evaluation of water pollution is an important and vital issue in the optimal management of water areas. In this research, the trend of nitrate pollution along about 50 km of Tajan river, the distance between Rigcheshmeh hydrometric station and Kordkheyl station, during the year 2017, was investigated. To realize this, first the hydraulic conditions governing the flow were determined using the HEC-RAS model and entered into the QUAL2Kw model. After recalibration and validation of the model, time-spatial changes of nitrate pollutant in the river course were investigated. The results showed that the input load from non-point pollution sources and in the season of cultivation to the river is higher, which causes the nitrate load to exceed the maximum allowed. The trend of increasing nitrate concentration in the non-cultivation season is about 19%, and now, due to the excessive use of fertilizer in the cultivation season, this figure reaches about 50% with an increase of about 2.8 times. The concentration of nitrates in the growing season, in the final part and the continuation of the flow path, has reached about 47 milligrams per liter, which is close to the permissible level of 50 mg/lit for drinking use and much more than 30 mg/lit for agricultural use, which limits water harvesting for the relevant uses with It faces limitations. Therefore, it is necessary to determine a framework for reducing and controlling the nitrate load, focusing on non-point polluting sources in the management policies of the water ecosystem of the Tajan River.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nitrate pollution
  • Water Quality Modeling
  • Water Quality Management
  • Nitrification

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علوم و مهندسی آبیاری
دوره 47، شماره 2
شهریور 1403
صفحه 87-104

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 اسفند 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 مرداد 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 مرداد 1402
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 شهریور 1403

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