مقایسه فراهمی و جذب فسفر و پتاسیم در نیشکر در شرایط آبیاری قطره‌ای زیرسطحی و آبیاری جویچه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 محقق شیمی و حاصلخیزی خاک، گروه تحقیقات به‌زراعی، مؤسسه تحقیقات و آموزش نیشکر خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

2 محقق آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه تحقیقات آبیاری و زهکشی، مؤسسه تحقیقات و آموزش نیشکر خوزستان، اهواز، ایران.

3 دکتری شیمی و حاصلخیزی خاک، کشت و صنعت نیشکر حکیم فارابی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش مقایسه فراهمی فسفر و پتاسیم خاک و جذب آن‌ها در نیشکر در شرایط آبیاری قطره‌ای زیرسطحی و آبیاری جویچه‌ای بود. این پژوهش در دو مزرعه نیشکر (آبیاری قطره‌ای زیرسطحی و آبیاری جویچه‌ای)، واقع در کشت و صنعت حکیم فارابی خوزستان انجام شد. در این مطالعه نمونه‌برداری خاک و گیاه در زمان‌های دو و چهار ماه پس از کشت انجام شد و غلظت فسفر و پتاسیم قابل دسترس خاک، وزن خشک گیاه و غلظت فسفر و پتاسیم در اندام هوایی نیشکر در زمان-های دو و چهار ماه پس از کشت بررسی شد. همچنین مقدار جذب فسفر و پتاسیم در اندام هوایی نیشکر محاسبه شد. آنالیز آماری و مقایسه میانگین داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون t انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که در شرایط آبیاری قطره‌ای زیرسطحی، در زمان دو ماه پس از کشت، غلظت فسفر قابل دسترس خاک (4/56 درصد)، غلظت و جذب فسفر (به‌ترتیب 6/13 و 2/19 درصد) و پتاسیم (به‌ترتیب 2/17 و 9/22 درصد) در اندام هوایی نیشکر به‌طور معنی‌داری بیش‌تر از شرایط آبیاری جویچه‌ای بود. همچنین در زمان چهار ماه پس از کشت، در شرایط آبیاری قطره‌ای زیرسطحی، غلظت فسفر و پتاسیم قابل دسترس خاک، غلظت و جذب فسفر (8/14 درصد) و پتاسیم (7/8 درصد) در اندام هوایی نیشکر به‌طور معنی‌داری بیش‌تر از شرایط آبیاری جویچه‌ای بود. بنابراین می‌توان نتیجه‌گیری کرد که در زمان‌های ابتدایی رشد گیاه (دو و چهار ماه پس از کشت)، در شرایط آبیاری قطره‌ای زیرسطحی نیشکر، فراهمی فسفر و پتاسیم در خاک و جذب آن‌ها توسط گیاه نیشکر بهبود پیدا می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of availability and uptake of phosphorus and potassium in sugarcane under subsurface drip irrigation and furrow irrigation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Akbar Karimi 1
  • Elham Zanganeh-Yusefabadi 2
  • Saeed Safirzadeh 3
1 Researcher of Soil Chemistry and Fertility, Department of Agronomy Research, Khuzestan Sugarcane Research and Training Institute, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Researcher of Irrigation and Drainage, Department of Irrigation and Drainage Research, Khuzestan Sugarcane Research and Training Institute, Ahvaz, Iran
3 PhD in Soil Chemistry and Fertility, Khuzestan Hakim Farabi Agro-Industry CO. Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to comparison of the of phosphorus and potassium availability in the soil and their uptake by sugarcane under subsurface drip irrigation and furrow irrigation conditions. This research was conducted in two sugarcane fields (subsurface drip irrigation and furrow irrigation) located in Hakim Farabi Agro-Industry. In this study, soil and plant sampling was done at two and four months after cultivation and the concentration of available phosphorus and potassium in the soil, shoot dry weight and the concentration of phosphorus and potassium in the sugarcane shoot were measured at two and four months. Also, the phosphorus and potassium uptake tiin sugarcane shoot were calculated. Statistical analysis and average data comparison was done by t test. The results showed that at two months after cultivation, under subsurface drip irrigaon condition, the phosphorus available concentration in the soil, the concentration and uptake of phosphorus (19.2%) and potassium (22.9%) in the sugarcane shoot were significantly more than the condition of furrow irrigation. Also, at four months after cultivation, under the subsurface drip irrigation condition, the available concentration of phosphorus and potassium in the soil and phosphorus (13.9%) and potassium (14.8%) uptake in shoot were significantly more than the furrow irrigation condition. Therefore, it can be concluded that in the early stages of plant growth (two and four months after cultivation), the phosphorus and potassium availability in the soil and their uptake by sugarcane plant can be improved under subsurface drip irrigation conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sugarcane nutrition
  • irrigation method
  • nutrients availability
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