مدل‏سازی عددی پدیده های دینامیکی افت غیرماندگار و اثرات ویسکوالاستیک در خطوط لوله تحت جریان گذرا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری سازه های آبی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز

2 استاد گروه سازه‌های آبی دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 دانشیار گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی ، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران.

چکیده

رفتار ویسکوالاستیک لوله­های پلیمری در مرحله طراحی و هم‏چنین برای تحلیل سیگنال ضربه­قوچ با اهداف تشخیصی، باید در نظر گرفته شود. تحقیق حاضر به معرفی و مدل­سازی اثرات دینامیکی افت غیرماندگار و ویسکوالاستیک دیواره لوله­های پلیمری رایج در کارهای آبرسانی، در جریان­های گذرا می­پردازد. بر این اساس معادله‏های سازگاری بر اساس افت غیرماندگار و خواص ویسکوالاستیک دیواره لوله بازنویسی شده و با به­کارگیری روش خطوط مشخصه در ترکیب با تفاضل محدود تحلیل می­شوند. برای واسنجی پارامترهای مجهول نظیر ضرایب افت و خزش و صحت­سنجی مدل عددی توسعه یافته، از داده­های یک مدل آزمایشگاهی استفاده شد. با به­ کارگیری روش تحلیل معکوس جریان گذرا و استفاده از الگوریتم ژنتیک، پارامترهای مجهول مسئله محاسبه می­شوند. نتایج نشان می­دهد که مدل­های کلاسیک ضربه قوچ قادر به شبیه­سازی نوسانات فشار در لوله­های پلیمری نمی­باشند. هم‏چنین اثرات ویسکوالاستیک نقش بسیار مهم­تری نسبت به افت غیرماندگار در شکل­گیری سیگنال­های ضربه قوچ بازی می­کنند، تاجایی که در نظر گرفتن آن به­تنهایی می­تواند به پاسخ­های قابل قبولی منتج شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Numerical Simulation of Dynamic Phenomena of Unsteady Friction and Viscoelastic Effects in Pipeline under the Transient Flow

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Rahmanshahi 1
  • Manoochehr Fathi-Moghadam 2
  • Ali Haghighi 3
1 PhD Graduated of Hydraulic Structures, Faculty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Professor of Hydraulic Structures, Faculty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.
3 Associate Professor of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

     Plastic pipes are widely used in pressurized water systems. The analysis of transient flow and estimation of maximum and minimum pressure wave propagation in pipeline and pipe networks is required for design and practice of piping systems, pumping stations, and dam water conveyance tunnels. The viscoelastic properties of the polyethylene pipes have significant effect on the estimation of pressure wave speed and attenuation in transient flow. The use of polymeric pipes such as polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride has recently increased due to their technical and economic advantages over steel and concrete pipes. Due to viscoelastic behavior, polymeric pipes have a significant impact on transient flows (Pezzinga, 2002). In a fast transient flow event like water hammer, viscoelastic properties of polymeric materials cause a residual stress in the pipe wall. These deformations will not return to their original state immediately after unloading (Covas, 2003). This viscoelastic behavior also affects the intensity, shape, and dampening of pressure oscillation in transient flows.
Covas (2003) developed a numerical model to simulate the viscoelastic behavior of the pipe wall in transient flow events. In this study, the results of a linear viscoelastic model were compared with experimental results in the presence and absence of unsteady friction loss. Soares et al., (2008) also considered transient flow in PVC pipes, and their results were in good agreement with those obtained by Ramos et al. (2004). Evangelista et al., (2015) studied water hammer phenomenon in a Y-shaped system both experimentally and numerically. According to their results, the linear viscoelastic model was able to simulate the water hammer phenomenon in this system.
The present research deals with the introduction and simulation of dynamic effects, including unsteady friction and pipe-wall viscoelastic in transient flows in polymeric pipes that widely used in water works. Accordingly, the governing equations are rewritten and manipulated for considering the unsteady friction and viscoelastic properties. The equations are then solved using the method of characteristics coupled with the finite difference method. Appling the inverse transient analysis method and with the aid of a genetic algorithm, the unknown parameters are determined. Steady state friction coefficients have to be estimated based on steady state data and other unknown parameters were calibrated based on the transient flow.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Transient flow
  • Viscoelastic pipeline
  • Unsteady friction
  • Numerical model
  • Invers solution

مراجع

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علوم و مهندسی آبیاری
دوره 41، شماره 4
دی 1397
صفحه 201-216

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 تیر 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 مهر 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 02 آبان 1396
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 دی 1397

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