استخراج روابط هیدرولیکی سطح مقطع رودخانه با استفاده از مدل‌سازی معکوس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد سازه‌های آبی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران.

2 استادیار گروه سازه‌های آبی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران.

3 استاد گروه سازه‌های آبی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران.

چکیده

هندسه مقاطع رودخانه در تمامی مدل‌های شبیه‌سازی هیدرولیک رودخانه اهمیت اساسی دارد، برداشت داده‌های آن ملزم به انجام عملیات سخت و هزینه‌بر نقشه‌برداری است. هدف از تحقیق حاضر شناسایی روابط هیدرولیکی مساحت سطح مقطع، پیرامون مرطوب و عرض آزاد سطح آب، مستخرج از مقاطع با استفاده از روش مسئله معکوس است. این تحقیق با در نظر گرفتن رودخانه غیرمنشوری و مقاطع نامنظم، ابتدا بازه رودخانه مورد شناسایی را با توجه به تعداد ایستگاه‌های مشاهداتی، به چند زیربازه تقسیم کرده و سپس روابط مذکور را برای هر زیربازه به‌طور جداگانه مورد شناسایی قرار می‌دهد.مدل یک‌بعدی حاکم بر رفتار جریان غیردائمی در رودخانه، معادله‌های سنت-ونانت می‌باشند، که برای نیل به‌هدف این مقاله، بایستی به‌روش معکوس حل شوند. برای حل این مسئله به داده‌های اندازه‌گیریشده تراز سطح آب، در چندین مکان و زمان، به‌عنوان ورودی به مدل معکوس نیاز است. صحت‌سنجی مدل ارائه شده، با استفاده از دو مثال فرضی و واقعی، به‌منظور مقایسه روابط هیدرولیکی شناسایی شده و میانگین روابط هیدرولیکی حاصل از داده‌های واقعی مقاطع، انجام شد. نتایج حاصل از ارزیابی و شاخص‌های آماری مربوطه توانایی بالای مدل پیشنهادی را تأیید می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Derivation of River’s Cross-Section Hydraulic Relationships Using Inverse Modeling

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soodeh Kalami 1
  • Mehdi Mazaheri 2
  • Jamal Mohamad Vali Samani 3
1 Graduate Student, Department of Water Structures, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Water Structures, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Water Structures, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In this study, a methodology is presented in which hydraulic relationships including mathematical formulas for the variations of the flow area, the wetted perimeter and the flow top width with the depth are computed by inverse solution of the Saint-Venant equations. The main focus is on the comprehensiveness and applicability of the method in practical conditions. Also, one application of the presented method in the case of flood routing is presented.
In the context of river hydraulics, inverse modeling usually refers to the estimation of the Manning roughness coefficient via calibration process or identifying boundary conditions by measuring the flow properties inside the domain i.e. water level or flowrate records ( Ding and Wang, 2005, Fread and Smith, 1978, Khatibi et al., 1997, Nguyen and Fenton, 2005). Inverse problems are often inherently ill-posed; and this leads to some difficulties in solving them in comparison with forward problems. Some essential issues must be considered in solving inverse problems including solution existence, solution uniqueness and solution stability (Hansen, 1998). The underlying idea of the present research is to identify the mathematical formulas of geometric-hydraulic relationships for river cross sections. In this case, the unknown parameters are determined in the functional form by inverse solution of the Saint-Venant equations. The proposed model is validated using hypothetical and real test cases; and in each case the actual and identified geometric-hydraulic relationships are compared. Additionally, application of the method is showed for the case of hydraulic flood routing in conditions where no information is available about river cross sections; and water level data records are used instead of river cross sections data.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Saint-Venant equations
  • River cross-sections
  • Flow Cross-Sectional area
  • Wetted perimeter
  • Flow top width
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دوره 42، شماره 1
فروردین 1398
صفحه 1-14
  • تاریخ دریافت: 28 آذر 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 اردیبهشت 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 اردیبهشت 1396
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 فروردین 1398