کاربرد روش های تصمیم گیری چندمعیاره در مطالعه های ارزیابی ریسک محیط زیستی سد تنگ سرخ یاسوج در مرحله ساخت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه محیط زیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

  اقلیم ایران ضرورت ذخیره، حفاظت و بهره­برداری از آب را به سمت سد­سازی سوق داده است. ایمنی سد از مهم­ترین چالش­های پیش رو در هنگام طراحی، ساخت و بهره­برداری به­شمار می­رود. طرح­های سد­سازی از پتانسیل ریسک قابل توجهی برخوردارند. سد تنگ­سرخ با هدف بهره­برداری حداکثر از منابع آب رودخانه بشار و سرشاخه‌های آن به­منظور توسعه کشاورزی و آبیاری بوده است. این پژوهش به­منظور شناسایی، طبقه­بندی و ارزیابی ریسک سد تنگ سرخ یاسوج در فاز ساخت با روش TOPSIS به انجام رسید. در این پژوهش براساس بازدید میدانی، گزارش وضع موجود و مصاحبه با خبرگان عوامل ریسک شناسایی شد، به­منظور تلفیق نظرات و شناسایی نهایی عوامل ریسک از پرسش­نامه دلفی و نظرات  15 نفر خبره استفاده شد و نهایتا 26 ریسک در گروه­های حوادث طبیعی، فنی و عملیاتی، ایمنی و بهداشت، فیزیکی و شیمیایی، بیولوژیکی و اقتصادی- اجتماعی و فرهنگی مشخص شدند. براساس روش TOPSIS احداث تونل انحراف ­آب با ضریب نزدیکی 755197/0، فعالیت ماشین­ آلات با ضریب نزدیکی 731575/0 و ساخت و ساز جاده با ضریب نزدیکی 700439/0 بیشترین میزان ریسک را در بین سایر ریسک­های به­دست آمده به­خود اختصاص دادند. پس از سطح­بندی ریسک مشخص شد که بیش­ترین مخاطرات موجود در منطقه در سطح متوسط بوده است. به­منظور تقلیل اثرات ریسک، ضرورت ارایه راه­کارهای مدیریت زیستی الزامی بوده و بدین منظور گزینه­های کاهش ریسک پیشنهاد گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of Multi-Criteria Decision-making Methods in Environmental Risk Assessment Studies of Yasuj Tang-E-Sorkh Dam during Construction Phase

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kobra Panahi 1
  • Soolmaz Dashti 2
1 Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Dam construction has a long history in Iran. Nowadays, it seems to be the only solution to the drought crisis in the country; a method that has been abandoned in many countries, especially developed countries (Mohtashemi et al., 2014). Dam construction projects are more risky than other projects because they require high costs and complex spatial conditions (Shul and Fathizadeh, 2009). Today, in order to control, eliminate, or minimize the risks and risks to humans in the surrounding environment, special techniques and tools are designed (Jozi et al., 2012). Multi-criteria decision-making methods are a reliable tool for risk assessment and risk ranking (Mohammad Moradi, and Akhtrakavan, 2009). TOPSIS method is one of the most popular multi-criteria decision-making techniques (MCDM) (Manochehri & Shieh, 2013; Hsu et al., 2010). Therefore, it is obligatory to take steps to prepare for these risks before confronting them. Tang-e-Sorkh Yasouj Dam is aimed at exploiting maximum water resources of Bashar River and its branches to develop agriculture and irrigation. As this dam is under construction, in this research we try to prioritize the risks using the TOPSIS method based on three indicators of (risk intensity, the probability of occurrence and range of contamination).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Risk
  • Environmental
  • Tang-E-Sorkh Dam
  • TOPSIS
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