پتانسیل‎یابی اراضی مستعد برای اجرای سامانه‎های آبیاری تحت فشار در دشت اردبیل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

چکیده

سامانه‎های آبیاری تحت فشار با استفاده از پارامترهای آب، خاک و گیاه طراحی می‎شوند. طراحی موفق این سامانه‎ها به عوامل زیادی از قبیل شرایط اقلیمی، کیفیت آب، وضعیت توپوگرافی، مشخصات خاک، نوع محصول و شرایط اجتماعی- فرهنگی بستگی دارد. این تحقیق در دشت اردبیل با مساحت تقریبی121000 هکتار برای پتانسیل‎یابیاراضیمستعد برایاجرایسامانه‎های مختلف آبیاری انجام شد. در این تحقیق جهت پتانسیل یابی اراضی در ابتدا میزان تاثیر عوامل مختلف با استفاده از اعداد صحیح (3+) تا (3-) در 7 درجه امتیازدهی شد. در ادامه با استفاده از فرایند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی و در محیط نرم‎افزاری  Expert Choice وزن‎دهی انجام گرفت. وزن‎های به‌دست آمده برای هر پارامتر، در محیط ArcGIS با روش توابع همپوشانی وزنی به نقشه تبدیل شدند. با استفاده از روش برهم‎نهی نقشه‎های مختلف در هر روش آبیاری، پتانسیل آن روش آبیاری برای دشت محاسبه و پهنهبندیگردید.نتایج نشان دادحدود 72 درصد از اراضی دشت قابلیت اجرای سامانه آبیاری سطحی، 59 درصد مناسب برای آبیاری بارانی، 45درصد قابلیت اجرای آبیاری قطرهای و 5/32 درصد برای آبیاری عقربهای مناسب است. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که مهمترین عوامل محدود کننده برای استفاده از سامانههای آبیاری شامل توپوگرافی، کیفیت آب و کل آب قابل دسترس بودند. از طرفی بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق در شمال و شمالغرب دشت اردبیل، یونهای کلر و سدیم عوامل محدود کننده اجرای آبیاری بارانی و شوری عامل محدود کننده سامانه آبیاری قطرهای است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Exploring Land Suitability for Irrigation Systems in Ardabil Plain

نویسنده [English]

  • Javanshir Azizi Mobaser
Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

One way to increase water use efficiency in the farms is performing pressurized irrigation system projects. Proper choice of the type of pressurized irrigation system in each region is an important step in the optimum use of water and soil resources (Hejazi Jahromi et al, 2011). Operating pressurized systems requires initial costs, operating costs, energy consumption, and special equipment. Therefore, if it is not chosen wisely, it will ultimately prove a non-economical option. Choosing the best irrigation method in each region depends on several parameters, including required surveys with respect to the conditions of the plain (topography and soil properties), region, crop, quantity and quality of irrigation, and cultural and social characteristics of each project. Therefore, assessment of the feasibility of these systems to make higher returns in a sustainable way is necessary (Gharadaghi et al, 2014). Land suitability is studied in different regions of Iran, including Fars and Hamedan provinces (Rezaei et al, 2014; Akhavan and Ghaemizadeh, 2014), and the world (especially China) (Lio et al, 2013). According to the existing instructions, the choice and design of pressurized irrigation systems should be based on climatic conditions, topographic conditions, soil and water characteristics, crop, energy supply conditions, cultural backgrounds, human resources status, operating conditions and maintenance, and finally costs in each region (Alizadeh, 2007). Therefore, this research has taken into account all the factors affecting the design of different irrigation methods to perform optimal zoning for implementation of various irrigation methods in Ardabil plain in ArcGIS environment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sprinkler irrigation
  • Drip irrigation
  • Analytic hierarchy process
  • ArcGIS
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