بررسی پایداری منابع آب در حوضه زاینده رود با استفاده از شاخص‌های پایداری و مدل GMS (مطالعه موردی: آب خوان نجف آباد در حوضه زاینده رود)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو دکتری ‍آب و هواشناسی، گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات تهران دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی.

2 استاد آب و هواشناسی، گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی

3 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران.

4 استاد گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران.

چکیده

امروزه استفاده بی­رویه از منابع آب سطحی و زیرزمینی این منابع را در معرض خطر قرار داده و از این رو وجود یک برنامه جامع مدیریتی در جهت بهبود بازخوردها و حفظ تعادل و پایداری منابع آب ضروری است. در این مطالعه برای بررسی پایداری منابع آب در این منطقه از سه شاخص نسبت آب مصرفی به آب تجدیدپذیر(C/RW)، آب در دسترس (WAI) و تنش آبی(WSI) استفاده شده است. نتایج سه شاخص نشان­دهنده عدم تعادل در عرضه و تقاضا بوده و در نهایت گویای تنش آبی شدید در محدوده مذکور می­باشد. بر این اساس مقدار شاخص نسبت آب مصرفی به آب تجدیدپذیر(C/RW) 8/0،  آب در دسترس (WAI) 3/.- و شاخص تنش آبی (WSI) محدوده نجف آباد 27/1 برآورد گردید. در گام بعدی با استفاده از تعیین تغییرات حجم ذخیره، صحت محاسبات بیلان دشت بررسی و با تهیه اطلاعات اولیه، مدل عددی مادفلو در نرم افزارGMS با هدف صحت­سنجی نتایج شاخص­های پایداری اجرا شد. مدل تهیه­شده در حالت ماندگار و در دوره زمانی 93-1389 برای حالت غیر ماندگار واسنجی و صحت­سنجی گردید. نتایج مدل‌سازی نیز نشان داد که بیلان دراز‌مدت دشت منفی و کسری مخزن به میزان 178- میلیون متر‌مکعب در طی سال­های93-1389 است، که نشان‌دهنده هم سو بودن نتایج مدل‌سازی و شاخص­های پایداری می­باشد. هم‌چنین این نتایج نشان می­دهد، توسعه فعلی در محدوده نجف­آباد باعث بروز عدم تعادل منابع آب در این محدوده شده که به تبع آن ناپایداری آبخوان در شرایط آتی را به دنبال خواهد داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Survey of Water Resources Sustainability in Zayandehrood Basin Using Sustainability Indices and GMS Model (Case Study: Najaf Abad Aquifer in Zayandehrood Basin)

نویسندگان [English]

  • ASHRAF MAKVANDI 1
  • Hoosin Mohamadi 2
  • Parvez Kardavani 3
  • saman jvadi 3
  • Manocheher Farajzadeh as 4
1 PhD Candidate of Water and Meteorology, Department of Phisical Geography, Faculty of Humanities, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor of Water and Meteorology, Department of Phisical Geography, Faculty of Humanities, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran, Iran.
4 Professor, Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Over the past years, population growth, the development of industry and agriculture have led to an increase in surface water and groundwater resources. Excessive withdrawal and severe drop in water levels as well as land degradation in some parts of the country have been to the extent that the resources are at risk, the situation is critical and this has made sustainable use efforts a must. For this reason, a comprehensive management plan is needed to improve feedback and to make accurate management decisions to maintain the balance and sustainability of water resources.Adopting sound management decisions requires proper, accurate, and scientific knowledge of the conditions of the water resources of the region. In discussing the management of groundwater resources and maintaining the balance and stability of aquifers, understanding the performance of the table in normal conditions, as well as simulating the effects of drainage or nutrition is necessary. Over the past years, many indicators have been developed for a quantitative assessment of water resource vulnerability. Therefore, selecting a criterion to demonstrate the correctness of the water situation can bring policy decisions closer to scientific decisions (Kang and Lee, 2011). The WSI index was successfully used to assess the sustainability of water resources in the Geum Basin in South Korea(Rachmad et al 2014). In the assessment of the sustainability of the area in the Batang Merao region of Indonesia in 2006-2011, four indexes of hydrology, environment, life and politics were measured. The purpose of this study was to provide an integrated watershed management framework and to help sustain the area.This study was conducted to investigate the stability of groundwater and surface water of Najaf Abad area.In order to control the crisis and sustainable management of the aquifer in the studied area, review Najaf Abad aquifer management and control solutions and prevent further crises resulting from unwanted harvesting, an analysis of water resources sustainability indexes has been done. Also, to investigate the sustainability of water resources in this area, three indicators of water consumption to renewable water (C / RW), available water (WAI) and water stress (WSI) have been used.The results of indicators showed the inconstancy of water resources in the region. In the next step, aquifer modeling was done using the MODFLOW code in Gms software.The purpose of this model was to validate the findings of sustainability indicators. The results of modelling and survey sustainability were matched by indexes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Groundwater modeling
  • water stress
  • inventory of resources and demands
  • MODFLOW
  • aquifer balance
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