مقایسه فرایندهای مختلف پهنه بندی تبخیرتعرق مرجع در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل

2 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل

3 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل.

4 عضو هیئت علمی گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل.

چکیده

یکی از فاکتورهای موثر بر عملکرد روش­های میان­یابی تبخیرتعرق مرجع (ET0)، ترتیب مراحل تخمین ET0 است. در این پژوهش ضمن بررسی تغییرات مکانی تبخیرتعرق ماهانه و سالانه،دو فرایند مختلف با عنوان میان­یابی، سپس محاسبه (IC) و محاسبه، سپس میان­یابی (CI) برای برآورد و پهنه­بندی تبخیرتعرق مرجع ماهانه و سالانه در ایران، مقایسه شدند. در روش اول، ابتدا پارامترهای هواشناسی مورد نیاز رابطه استاندارد تبخیرتعرق، میان­یابی شده، سپس مقادیر ET0 در نقاط شبکه با استفاده از رابطه فائو پنمن- مانتیث محاسبه شد. در روش دوم، ابتدا ET0 در ایستگاه­های منتخب محاسبه و سپس در گستره ایران میان­یابی شد. برای میان­یابی از روش­های کریجینگ معمولی (OK) با و بدون متغیر کمکی، توابع پایه شعاعی (RBF)، چندجمله‌ای محلی (LPI) و وزن­دهی عکس فاصله (IDW) استفاده شد. بر­اساس نتایج تحلیل نیم­تغییرنما، ET0 دارای همبستگی مکانی متوسط تا قوی با ساختار مکانی کروی است. به‌طورکلی صرف­نظر از نوع روش میان­یابی، در بیشتر ماه­ها و در مقیاس سالانه، فرآیند IC دارای عملکرد بهتری بود. بهترین روش میان­یابی در فرایند IC بر­اساس RMSE و MAE برای ماه­های سپتامبر، اکتبر و سالانه، روش IDW، برای ماه­های ژانویه و مارس، روش OK و برای ماه­های فوریه، آوریل، نوامبر و دسامبر، روش COK بود. روش IDW و فرآیند CI با اختلاف کمی نسبت به فرایند IC، بهترین عملکرد را در تخمین ET0 ماه­های مه، ژوئن، جولای و آگوست دارا بود. همچنین در هر دو فرایند IC و CI، روش­های OK، COK و IDW که فاصله بین ایستگاه­ها را در فرایند تخمین لحاظ می­کنند، عملکرد بهتری داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparing Different Processes for Mapping Reference Evapotranspiration in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ehsan Naderianfar 1
  • Masoomeh Delbari 2
  • Peyman Afrasiab 3
  • Parisa Kahkhamoghaddam 4
1 M.Sc. in Irrigation and Drainage, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Water and Soil, University of Zabol, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Water and Soil, University of Zabol, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Water and Soil, University of Zabol, Iran.
4 Faculty member, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Water and Soil, University of Zabol, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is essential to determine water requirements of crops. In other words, to regionalize ET0 to a large area, some interpolation methods should be used (Goovaerts, 1997). A key parameter which may influence the proper performance of interpolattion methods, is the sequence of ET0 estimation process (Mardikis et al., 2005; Vilanova et al., 2012). That is why using some auxillary variables cross correlated with the main variable, could significantly improve the accuracy of interpolation methods. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the estimation process sequences while investigating spatial variability of annual and monthly ET0 in Iran. A comprehensive comparison of spatial interpolators is performed. Elevation is also used as a secondary variable in multivariate methods.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Evapotranspiration
  • Penman-Monteith
  • Spatial variation
  • Interpolation
  • Kriging
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